U.S. Department of EnergyOffice of Scientific and Technical Information
Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K
Abstract
We have studied nucleation and growth of Dy islands on the basal plane of graphite at 300 K using scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory (DFT) in a form that includes van der Waals interactions, and analytic theory. The interaction of atomic Dy with graphite is strong, while the diffusion barrier is small. Experiment shows that at 300 K, the density of nucleated islands is close to the value predicted for homogeneous nucleation, using critical nucleus size of 1 and the DFT-derived diffusion barrier. Homogeneous nucleation is also supported by the monomodal shape of the island size distributions. Comparison with the published island density of Dy on graphene shows that the value is about two orders of magnitude smaller on graphite, which can be attributed to more effective charge screening in graphite. The base of each island is 3 atomic layers high and atomically ordered, forming a coincidence lattice with the graphite. Islands resist coalescence, probably due to multiple rotational orientations associated with the coincidence lattice. Upper levels grow as discernible single-atom layers. Analysis of the level populations reveals significant downward interlayer transport, which facilitates growth of the base. As a result, this island shape is metastable, since more compactmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1];
- Ames Lab. and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1257367
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1256781
- Report Number(s):
- IS-J-8894
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9606; JCPSA6
- Grant/Contract Number:
- CHE-1111500; AC02-07CH11358
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Chemical Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 145; Journal Issue: 21; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9606
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; graphite; dysprosium; nucleation; adsorption; homogeneous nucleation; magnetic islands; density functional theory
Citation Formats
Kwolek, Emma J., Lei, Huaping, Lii-Rosales, Ann, Wallingford, Mark, Zhou, Yinghui, Wang, Cai -Zhuang, Tringides, Michael C., Evans, James W., and Thiel, Patricia A. Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4953611.
Kwolek, Emma J., Lei, Huaping, Lii-Rosales, Ann, Wallingford, Mark, Zhou, Yinghui, Wang, Cai -Zhuang, Tringides, Michael C., Evans, James W., & Thiel, Patricia A. Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953611
Kwolek, Emma J., Lei, Huaping, Lii-Rosales, Ann, Wallingford, Mark, Zhou, Yinghui, Wang, Cai -Zhuang, Tringides, Michael C., Evans, James W., and Thiel, Patricia A. 2016.
"Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953611. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1257367.
@article{osti_1257367,
title = {Adsorption of dysprosium on the graphite (0001) surface: Nucleation and growth at 300 K},
author = {Kwolek, Emma J. and Lei, Huaping and Lii-Rosales, Ann and Wallingford, Mark and Zhou, Yinghui and Wang, Cai -Zhuang and Tringides, Michael C. and Evans, James W. and Thiel, Patricia A.},
abstractNote = {We have studied nucleation and growth of Dy islands on the basal plane of graphite at 300 K using scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory (DFT) in a form that includes van der Waals interactions, and analytic theory. The interaction of atomic Dy with graphite is strong, while the diffusion barrier is small. Experiment shows that at 300 K, the density of nucleated islands is close to the value predicted for homogeneous nucleation, using critical nucleus size of 1 and the DFT-derived diffusion barrier. Homogeneous nucleation is also supported by the monomodal shape of the island size distributions. Comparison with the published island density of Dy on graphene shows that the value is about two orders of magnitude smaller on graphite, which can be attributed to more effective charge screening in graphite. The base of each island is 3 atomic layers high and atomically ordered, forming a coincidence lattice with the graphite. Islands resist coalescence, probably due to multiple rotational orientations associated with the coincidence lattice. Upper levels grow as discernible single-atom layers. Analysis of the level populations reveals significant downward interlayer transport, which facilitates growth of the base. As a result, this island shape is metastable, since more compact three-dimensional islands form at elevated growth temperature.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4953611},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1257367},
journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
issn = {0021-9606},
number = 21,
volume = 145,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Mon Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
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