Photoluminescence imaging of solitary dopant sites in covalently doped single-wall carbon nanotubes

Hartmann, Nicolai F.; Yalcin, Sibel Ebru; Adamska, Lyudmyla; Haroz, Erik H.; Ma, Xuedan; Tretiak, Sergei; Htoon, Han; Doorn, Stephen K.

doi:10.1039/C5NR06343D

Title: Photoluminescence imaging of solitary dopant sites in covalently doped single-wall carbon nanotubes

Journal Article · Wed Nov 11 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Nanoscale

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NR06343D· OSTI ID:1255120

Hartmann, Nicolai F. ^[1]; Yalcin, Sibel Ebru ^[1]; Adamska, Lyudmyla ^[1]; Haroz, Erik H. ^[1]; Ma, Xuedan ^[1]; Tretiak, Sergei ^[1]; Htoon, Han ^[1]; Doorn, Stephen K. ^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Covalent dopants in semiconducting single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are becoming important as routes for introducing new photoluminescent emitting states with potential for enhanced quantum yields, new functionality, and as species capable of near-IR room-temperature single photon emission. The origin and behavior of the dopant-induced emission is thus important to understand as a key requirement for successful room-T photonics and optoelectronics applications. Here, we use direct correlated two-color photoluminescence imaging to probe how the interplay between the SWCNT bright E₁₁ exciton and solitary dopant sites yields the dopant-induced emission for three different dopant species: oxygen, 4-methoxybenzene, and 4-bromobenzene. We introduce a route to control dopant functionalization to a low level as a means for introducing spatially well-separated solitary dopant sites. Resolution of emission from solitary dopant sites and correlation to their impact on E₁₁ emission allows confirmation of dopants as trapping sites for localization of E₁₁ excitons following their diffusive transport to the dopant site. Imaging of the dopant emission also reveals photoluminescence intermittency (blinking), with blinking dynamics being dependent on the specific dopant. Density functional theory calculations were performed to evaluate the stability of dopants and delineate the possible mechanisms of blinking. Furthermore, theoretical modeling suggests that the trapping of free charges in the potential well created by permanent dipoles introduced by dopant atoms/groups is likely responsible for the blinking, with the strongest effects being predicted and observed for oxygen-doped SWCNTs.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1255120

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-15-28130; NANOHL

Journal Information:: Nanoscale, Vol. 7, Issue 48; ISSN 2040-3364

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 44 works

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