skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Impact of first-principles properties of deuterium–tritium on inertial confinement fusion target designs

Abstract

A comprehensive knowledge of the properties of high-energy-density plasmas is crucial to understanding and designing low-adiabat, inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions through hydrodynamic simulations. Warm-dense-matter (WDM) conditions are routinely accessed by low-adiabat ICF implosions, in which strong coupling and electron degeneracy often play an important role in determining the properties of warm dense plasmas. The WDM properties of deuterium–tritium (DT) mixtures and ablator materials, such as the equation of state (EOS), thermal conductivity, opacity, and stopping power, were usually estimated by models in hydrocodes used for ICF simulations. In these models, many-body and quantum effects were only approximately taken into account in the WMD regime. Moreover, the self-consistency among these models was often missing. To examine the accuracy of these models, we have systematically calculated the static, transport, and optical properties of warm dense DT plasmas, using first-principles (FP) methods over a wide range of densities and temperatures that cover the ICF “path” to ignition. These FP methods include the pathintegral Monte Carlo (PIMC) and quantum-molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations, which treat electrons with many-body quantum theory. The first-principles equation-of-state (FPEOS) table, thermal conductivities (KQMD), and first principles opacity table (FPOT) of DT have been self-consistently derived from the combined PIMCmore » and QMD calculations. They have been compared with the typical models, and their effects to ICF simulations have been separately examined in previous publications. In this paper, we focus on their combined effects to ICF implosions through hydro-simulations using these FP-based properties of DT in comparison with the usual model simulations. We found that the predictions of ICF neutron yield could change by up to a factor of ~2.5; the lower the adiabat of DT capsules, the more variations in hydro-simulations. The FP-based properties of DT are essential for designing ICF ignition targets. We also discuss future work on first-principles studies of ICF ablator materials.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [3]
  1. Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics
  2. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Theoretical Div.
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Department of Earth and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics; Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1178573
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1240397
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-14-28895
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X; PHPAEN; 2014-116; 1220
Grant/Contract Number:  
NA0001944; NA000194; AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; inertial confinement; plasma temperature; opacity; thermal conductivity; plasma density

Citation Formats

Hu, S. X., Goncharov, V. N., Boehly, T. R., McCrory, R. L., Skupsky, S., Collins, L. A., Kress, J. D., and Militizer, B. Impact of first-principles properties of deuterium–tritium on inertial confinement fusion target designs. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4917477.
Hu, S. X., Goncharov, V. N., Boehly, T. R., McCrory, R. L., Skupsky, S., Collins, L. A., Kress, J. D., & Militizer, B. Impact of first-principles properties of deuterium–tritium on inertial confinement fusion target designs. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917477
Hu, S. X., Goncharov, V. N., Boehly, T. R., McCrory, R. L., Skupsky, S., Collins, L. A., Kress, J. D., and Militizer, B. 2015. "Impact of first-principles properties of deuterium–tritium on inertial confinement fusion target designs". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917477. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1178573.
@article{osti_1178573,
title = {Impact of first-principles properties of deuterium–tritium on inertial confinement fusion target designs},
author = {Hu, S. X. and Goncharov, V. N. and Boehly, T. R. and McCrory, R. L. and Skupsky, S. and Collins, L. A. and Kress, J. D. and Militizer, B.},
abstractNote = {A comprehensive knowledge of the properties of high-energy-density plasmas is crucial to understanding and designing low-adiabat, inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions through hydrodynamic simulations. Warm-dense-matter (WDM) conditions are routinely accessed by low-adiabat ICF implosions, in which strong coupling and electron degeneracy often play an important role in determining the properties of warm dense plasmas. The WDM properties of deuterium–tritium (DT) mixtures and ablator materials, such as the equation of state (EOS), thermal conductivity, opacity, and stopping power, were usually estimated by models in hydrocodes used for ICF simulations. In these models, many-body and quantum effects were only approximately taken into account in the WMD regime. Moreover, the self-consistency among these models was often missing. To examine the accuracy of these models, we have systematically calculated the static, transport, and optical properties of warm dense DT plasmas, using first-principles (FP) methods over a wide range of densities and temperatures that cover the ICF “path” to ignition. These FP methods include the pathintegral Monte Carlo (PIMC) and quantum-molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations, which treat electrons with many-body quantum theory. The first-principles equation-of-state (FPEOS) table, thermal conductivities (KQMD), and first principles opacity table (FPOT) of DT have been self-consistently derived from the combined PIMC and QMD calculations. They have been compared with the typical models, and their effects to ICF simulations have been separately examined in previous publications. In this paper, we focus on their combined effects to ICF implosions through hydro-simulations using these FP-based properties of DT in comparison with the usual model simulations. We found that the predictions of ICF neutron yield could change by up to a factor of ~2.5; the lower the adiabat of DT capsules, the more variations in hydro-simulations. The FP-based properties of DT are essential for designing ICF ignition targets. We also discuss future work on first-principles studies of ICF ablator materials.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4917477},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1178573}, journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
issn = {1070-664X},
number = 5,
volume = 22,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 34 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996


Shock-wave compression of solid deuterium at a pressure of 120 GPa
journal, October 2003


Properties and computation of the Coulomb pair density matrix
journal, December 1988


First Principles Calculations of Shock Compressed Fluid Helium
journal, October 2006


Performance of direct-drive cryogenic targets on OMEGA
journal, May 2008


Transport properties of dense deuterium-tritium plasmas
journal, July 2013


Point design targets, specifications, and requirements for the 2010 ignition campaign on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2011


Calculation of a Deuterium Double Shock Hugoniot from Ab Initio Simulations
journal, December 2001


Updated Opal Opacities
journal, June 1996


In-Flight Measurements of Capsule Shell Adiabats in Laser-Driven Implosions
journal, July 2011


Orbital-free molecular dynamics simulations of transport properties in dense-plasma uranium
journal, September 2011


First-principles and classical molecular dynamics simulation of shocked polymers
journal, February 2010


Thermal Properties of the Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
journal, March 1965


High-performance inertial confinement fusion target implosions on OMEGA
journal, April 2011


Hydrodynamic simulations of long-scale-length two-plasmon–decay experiments at the Omega Laser Facility
journal, March 2013


Two-dimensional simulations of the neutron yield in cryogenic deuterium-tritium implosions on OMEGA
journal, October 2010


Strong Coupling and Degeneracy Effects in Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions
journal, June 2010


Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects
journal, November 1965


Burning plasmas with ultrashort soft-x-ray flashing
journal, July 2012


A measurable Lawson criterion and hydro-equivalent curves for inertial confinement fusion
journal, October 2008


Electronic transport coefficients from ab initio simulations and application to dense liquid hydrogen
journal, June 2011


Thermophysical properties for shock compressed polystyrene
journal, August 2011


Multiple spherically converging shock waves in liquid deuterium
journal, September 2011


A generalized scaling law for the ignition energy of inertial confinement fusion capsules
journal, January 2001


Demonstration of the shock-timing technique for ignition targets on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2009


First-principles equation-of-state table of deuterium for inertial confinement fusion applications
journal, December 2011


Progress towards polar-drive ignition for the NIF
journal, September 2013


Absolute Equation of State Measurements on Shocked Liquid Deuterium up to 200 GPa (2 Mbar)
journal, January 1997


Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion
journal, February 2014


Ramp compression of diamond to five terapascals
journal, July 2014


Thermodynamics of hot dense H-plasmas: path integral Monte Carlo simulations and analytical approximations
journal, May 2001


Properties of warm dense polystyrene plasmas along the principal Hugoniot
journal, June 2014


Charged particle motion in a highly ionized plasma
journal, May 2005


Properties of fluid deuterium under double-shock compression to several Mbar
journal, September 2004


Experimental studies of ICF indirect-drive Be and high density C candidate ablators
journal, May 2008


Reflected shock experiments on the equation-of-state properties of liquid deuterium at 100–600 GPa (1–6 Mbar)
journal, May 2001


Equation of state of CH 1.36 : First-principles molecular dynamics simulations and shock-and-release wave speed measurements
journal, September 2012


Reflected Shock Experiments on the Equation-of-State Properties of Liquid Deuterium at 100–600 GPa (1–6 Mbar)
journal, October 2000


Symmetric Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions at Ultra-High Laser Energies
journal, January 2010


Path Integral Monte Carlo Calculation of the Deuterium Hugoniot
journal, August 2000


Phase Transition in a Strongly Nonideal Deuterium Plasma Generated by Quasi-Isentropical Compression at Megabar Pressures
journal, October 2007


Progress on LMJ targets for ignition
journal, August 2010


Simulations of the optical properties of warm dense aluminum
journal, January 2005


The Boltzmann Equation in the Theory of Electrical Conduction in Metals
journal, April 1958


Average atom transport properties for pure and mixed species in the hot and warm dense matter regimes
journal, October 2012


Electrical and thermal conductivities in dense plasmas
journal, September 2014


On the transport coefficients of hydrogen in the inertial confinement fusion regime
journal, May 2011


Electron-ion temperature relaxation in hydrogen plasmas
journal, June 2013


Purgatorio—a new implementation of the Inferno algorithm
journal, May 2006


First-principles opacity table of warm dense deuterium for inertial-confinement-fusion applications
journal, September 2014


Path integrals in the theory of condensed helium
journal, April 1995


An electron conductivity model for dense plasmas
journal, January 1984


Improving cryogenic deuterium–tritium implosion performance on OMEGA
journal, May 2013


Studies of Plastic-Ablator Compressibility for Direct-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion on Omega
journal, May 2008


The equation of state for hydrogen at high densities
journal, September 2013


Demonstration of Spectrally Resolved X-Ray Scattering in Dense Plasmas
journal, May 2003


Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
journal, November 1964


Laser Compression of Matter to Super-High Densities: Thermonuclear (CTR) Applications
journal, September 1972


Wide range equation of state for fluid hydrogen from density functional theory
journal, September 2013


Equation of state and phase diagram of dense hydrogen
journal, January 1972


Neutron yield study of direct-drive, low-adiabat cryogenic D2 implosions on OMEGA laser system
journal, November 2009


Short-wavelength and three-dimensional instability evolution in National Ignition Facility ignition capsule designs
journal, August 2011


Ab initio calculations of the equation of state of hydrogen in a regime relevant for inertial fusion applications
journal, March 2012


Design of a High-Foot High-Adiabat ICF Capsule for the National Ignition Facility
journal, February 2014


Indications of Strongly Flux-Limited Electron Thermal Conduction in Laser-Target Experiments
journal, March 1975


Validation of Thermal-Transport Modeling with Direct-Drive, Planar-Foil Acceleration Experiments on OMEGA
journal, July 2008


Energy loss of ions moving through high-density matter
journal, August 1977


Charged-particle stopping powers in inertial confinement fusion plasmas
journal, May 1993


Quantum molecular dynamics simulations of hot, dense hydrogen
journal, December 1995


Dense hydrogen plasma: Comparison between models
journal, September 1997


Ab initio study of deuterium in the dissociating regime: Sound speed and transport properties
journal, November 2001


Dynamical and optical properties of warm dense hydrogen
journal, April 2001


Multiphase equation of state of hydrogen from ab initio calculations in the range 0.2 to 5 g/cc up to 10 eV
journal, March 2011


Reflectivity of warm dense deuterium along the principal Hugoniot
journal, June 2012


The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions
journal, November 2012


Equation of State Measurements in Liquid Deuterium to 70 GPa
journal, November 2001


Use of a Wave Reverberation Technique to Infer the Density Compression of Shocked Liquid Deuterium to 75 GPa
journal, January 2003


Laser-driven single shock compression of fluid deuterium from 45 to 220 GPa
journal, January 2009


Extended data set for the equation of state of warm dense hydrogen isotopes
journal, October 2012


Viscosity and mutual diffusion of deuterium-tritium mixtures in the warm-dense-matter regime
journal, September 2010


Molecular-Dynamics Simulations of Electron-Ion Temperature Relaxation in a Classical Coulomb Plasma
journal, September 2008


Energy relaxation rates in dense hydrogen plasmas
journal, September 2008


Molecular dynamics simulations of temperature equilibration in dense hydrogen
journal, August 2008


Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Electron-Ion Temperature Equilibration in an S F 6 Plasma
journal, May 2009


Molecular dynamics simulations and generalized Lenard-Balescu calculations of electron-ion temperature equilibration in plasmas
journal, October 2012


Shock-Induced Transformation of Liquid Deuterium into a Metallic Fluid
journal, June 2000


Velocity and Timing of Multiple Spherically Converging Shock Waves in Liquid Deuterium
journal, May 2011


Multiphase equation of state for carbon addressing high pressures and temperatures
journal, June 2014


Inelastic X-Ray Scattering from Shocked Liquid Deuterium
journal, December 2012


Variational density matrix method for warm, condensed matter: Application to dense hydrogen
journal, April 2000


Ab initiomolecular dynamics for liquid metals
journal, January 1993


Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996)]
journal, February 1997


New approximation for calculating free-free absorption in hot dense plasmas
journal, December 1996


Mitigating Laser Imprint in Direct-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions with High- Z Dopants
journal, May 2012


Demonstration of the Highest Deuterium-Tritium Areal Density Using Multiple-Picket Cryogenic Designs on OMEGA
journal, April 2010


Change in Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions upon Using an Ab Initio Multiphase DT Equation of State
journal, September 2011


Experimental Validation of the Two-Plasmon-Decay Common-Wave Process
journal, October 2012


Temperature equilibration in a fully ionized plasma: Electron-ion mass ratio effects
journal, June 2009


Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Classical Stopping Power
journal, November 2013


Works referencing / citing this record:

Fast nonadiabatic dynamics of many-body quantum systems
journal, November 2019


Measurement of the sound speed in dense fluid deuterium along the cryogenic liquid Hugoniot
journal, January 2019


Theoretical and experimental investigation of the equation of state of boron plasmas
journal, August 2018


Kinetic physics in ICF: present understanding and future directions
journal, April 2018