Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of Grade 91 steel

Shrestha, Triratna; Alsagabi, Sultan; Charit, Indrajit; Potirniche, Gabriel; Glazoff, Michael

doi:10.3390/met5010131

Title: Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of Grade 91 steel

Journal Article · Wed Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Metals

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/met5010131· OSTI ID:1178075

Shrestha, Triratna ^[1]; Alsagabi, Sultan ^[1]; Charit, Indrajit ^[1]; Potirniche, Gabriel ^[2]; Glazoff, Michael ^[3]

Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering.
Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID (United States). Dept. of Mechanicial Engineering.
Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States). Energy Systems Integration.

The modified 9Cr-1Mo steel (Grade 91) is a material of choice in fossil-fuel-fired power plants with increased efficiency, service life, and reduction in emission of greenhouse gases. It is also considered a prospective material for the Next Generation Nuclear Power Plant for application in reactor pressure vessels at temperatures up to 650°C. In this paper, heat treatment of the modified 9Cr-1Mo steel was studied by normalizing and tempering the steel at various temperatures and times, with the ultimate goal of improving its creep resistance and optimizing material hardness. The microstructural evolution of the heat treated steels was correlated with the differential scanning calorimetric results. Optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with microhardness profiles and calorimetric plots were used to understand the evolution of microstructure including precipitate structures in modified 9Cr-1Mo steel and relate it to the mechanical behavior of the steel. Thermo-CalcTM calculations were used to support experimental work and provide guidance in terms of the precipitate stability and microstructural evolution. Furthermore, the carbon isopleth and temperature dependencies of the volume fraction of different precipitates were constructed. The predicted and experimentally observed results were found to be in good agreement.

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Research Organization:: Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517

OSTI ID:: 1178075

Report Number(s):: INL/JOU-15-34939; MBSEC7; PII: met5010131

Journal Information:: Metals, Vol. 5, Issue 1; ISSN 2075-4701

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 53 works

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99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
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heat treatment
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differential scanning calorimetry
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Title: Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of Grade 91 steel

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