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Title: Supplemental Immobilization of Hanford Low-Activity Waste: Cast Stone Screening Tests

Abstract

More than 56 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous waste are stored in 177 underground storage tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State. The Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) is being constructed to treat the wastes and immobilize them in a glass waste form. The WTP includes a pretreatment facility to separate the wastes into a small volume of high-level waste (HLW) containing most of the radioactivity and a larger volume of low-activity waste (LAW) containing most of the nonradioactive chemicals. The HLW will be converted to glass in the HLW vitrification facility for ultimate disposal at an offsite federal repository. At least a portion (~35%) of the LAW will be converted to glass in the LAW vitrification facility and will be disposed of onsite at the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF). The pretreatment and HLW vitrification facilities will have the capacity to treat and immobilize the wastes destined for each facility. However, a second LAW immobilization facility will be needed for the expected volume of LAW requiring immobilization. A cementitious waste form known as Cast Stone is being considered to provide the required additional LAW immobilization capacity. The Cast Stonemore » waste form must be acceptable for disposal in the IDF. The Cast Stone waste form and immobilization process must be tested to demonstrate that the final Cast Stone waste form can comply with the waste acceptance criteria for the disposal facility and that the immobilization processes can be controlled to consistently provide an acceptable waste form product. Further, the waste form must be tested to provide the technical basis for understanding the long-term performance of the waste form in the disposal environment. These waste form performance data are needed to support risk assessment and performance assessment (PA) analyses of the long-term environmental impact of the waste disposal in the IDF. The PA is needed to satisfy both Washington State IDF Permit and DOE Order requirements. Cast Stone has been selected for solidification of radioactive wastes including WTP aqueous secondary wastes treated at the Effluent Treatment Facility (ETF) at Hanford. A similar waste form called Saltstone is used at the Savannah River Site (SRS) to solidify its LAW tank wastes.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3]
  1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  2. Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River National Lab. (SRNL)
  3. Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS), Aiken, SC (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1126363
Report Number(s):
PNNL-22747; SRNL-STI-2013-00465
830403000
DOE Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES

Citation Formats

Westsik, Joseph H., Piepel, Gregory F., Lindberg, Michael J., Heasler, Patrick G., Mercier, Theresa M., Russell, Renee L., Cozzi, Alex, Daniel, William E., Eibling, Russell E., Hansen, E. K., Reigel, Marissa M., and Swanberg, David J. Supplemental Immobilization of Hanford Low-Activity Waste: Cast Stone Screening Tests. United States: N. p., 2013. Web. doi:10.2172/1126363.
Westsik, Joseph H., Piepel, Gregory F., Lindberg, Michael J., Heasler, Patrick G., Mercier, Theresa M., Russell, Renee L., Cozzi, Alex, Daniel, William E., Eibling, Russell E., Hansen, E. K., Reigel, Marissa M., & Swanberg, David J. Supplemental Immobilization of Hanford Low-Activity Waste: Cast Stone Screening Tests. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/1126363
Westsik, Joseph H., Piepel, Gregory F., Lindberg, Michael J., Heasler, Patrick G., Mercier, Theresa M., Russell, Renee L., Cozzi, Alex, Daniel, William E., Eibling, Russell E., Hansen, E. K., Reigel, Marissa M., and Swanberg, David J. 2013. "Supplemental Immobilization of Hanford Low-Activity Waste: Cast Stone Screening Tests". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/1126363. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1126363.
@article{osti_1126363,
title = {Supplemental Immobilization of Hanford Low-Activity Waste: Cast Stone Screening Tests},
author = {Westsik, Joseph H. and Piepel, Gregory F. and Lindberg, Michael J. and Heasler, Patrick G. and Mercier, Theresa M. and Russell, Renee L. and Cozzi, Alex and Daniel, William E. and Eibling, Russell E. and Hansen, E. K. and Reigel, Marissa M. and Swanberg, David J.},
abstractNote = {More than 56 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous waste are stored in 177 underground storage tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State. The Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) is being constructed to treat the wastes and immobilize them in a glass waste form. The WTP includes a pretreatment facility to separate the wastes into a small volume of high-level waste (HLW) containing most of the radioactivity and a larger volume of low-activity waste (LAW) containing most of the nonradioactive chemicals. The HLW will be converted to glass in the HLW vitrification facility for ultimate disposal at an offsite federal repository. At least a portion (~35%) of the LAW will be converted to glass in the LAW vitrification facility and will be disposed of onsite at the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF). The pretreatment and HLW vitrification facilities will have the capacity to treat and immobilize the wastes destined for each facility. However, a second LAW immobilization facility will be needed for the expected volume of LAW requiring immobilization. A cementitious waste form known as Cast Stone is being considered to provide the required additional LAW immobilization capacity. The Cast Stone waste form must be acceptable for disposal in the IDF. The Cast Stone waste form and immobilization process must be tested to demonstrate that the final Cast Stone waste form can comply with the waste acceptance criteria for the disposal facility and that the immobilization processes can be controlled to consistently provide an acceptable waste form product. Further, the waste form must be tested to provide the technical basis for understanding the long-term performance of the waste form in the disposal environment. These waste form performance data are needed to support risk assessment and performance assessment (PA) analyses of the long-term environmental impact of the waste disposal in the IDF. The PA is needed to satisfy both Washington State IDF Permit and DOE Order requirements. Cast Stone has been selected for solidification of radioactive wastes including WTP aqueous secondary wastes treated at the Effluent Treatment Facility (ETF) at Hanford. A similar waste form called Saltstone is used at the Savannah River Site (SRS) to solidify its LAW tank wastes.},
doi = {10.2172/1126363},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1126363}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2013},
month = {Mon Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2013}
}