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Title: Subsurface heaters with low sulfidation rates

Patent ·
OSTI ID:1109469
;

A system for heating a hydrocarbon containing formation includes a heater having an elongated ferromagnetic metal heater section. The heater is located in an opening in a formation. The heater section is configured to heat the hydrocarbon containing formation. The exposed ferromagnetic metal has a sulfidation rate that goes down with increasing temperature of the heater, when the heater is in a selected temperature range.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
ACO5-00OR22725
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company (Houston, TX)
Patent Number(s):
8,606,091
Application Number:
11/584,801
OSTI ID:
1109469
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbon mixtures patent June 1978
Double barrier system for an in situ conversion process patent May 2009
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Thermal processing of an oil shale formation to increase permeability of the formation patent May 2006
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In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation in a reducing environment patent May 2006
Time-domain induced polarization logging method and apparatus with gated amplification level patent March 1988
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a controlled heating rate patent June 2004
Production of oil from low permeability formations by sequential steam fracturing patent February 1992
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Situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to control product composition patent June 2004
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Reducing viscosity of oil for production from a hydrocarbon containing formation patent March 2009
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In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation by controlling a pressure of the formation patent June 2004
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In situ thermal processing of a coal formation and tuning production patent May 2004
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In situ retorting of oil shale with pulsed water purge patent January 1987
Method for production of hydrocarbons from organic-rich rock patent-application December 2001
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Process of electric pipeline heating utilizing heating elements inserted in pipelines patent January 1993
Indirect thermal stimulation of production wells patent June 1981
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using repeating triangular patterns of heat sources patent June 2004
Acoustic thermometer patent April 1997
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to form a substantially uniform, relatively high permeable formation patent June 2004
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce formation fluids having a relatively low olefin content patent June 2004
In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation patent December 2008
Method and apparatus for measuring acoustic wave velocity using impulse response patent September 1994
Radiant plate heater for treatment of contaminated surfaces patent September 1996
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In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce a mixture with a selected hydrogen content patent May 2004
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Wireless reservoir production control patent-application February 2003
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Closed cryogenic barrier for containment of hazardous material migration in the earth patent August 1989
Method for enhanced recovery of viscous oil deposits patent October 1998
Oil production from diatomite formations by fracture steamdrive patent April 1994
Subsurface electrical heaters using nitride insulation patent-application December 2006
Self-regulating porous heater device patent December 1988
Well treating process for installing a cable bundle containing strands of changing diameter patent April 1986
Emission controller for indirect fired downhole steam generators patent February 1985
Heating rate variant elongated electrical resistance heater patent November 1987
In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with controlled production rate patent June 2006
Hydrologic cells for recovery of hydrocarbons or thermal energy from coal, oil-shale, tar-sands and oil-bearing formations patent February 1999
Slotted autoregulating heater patent January 1988
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using horizontal heat sources patent October 2005
Temperature limited heater utilizing non-ferromagnetic conductor patent-application September 2008
Conductor-in-conduit heat sources for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation patent February 2006
Heater well method and apparatus patent May 2000
Apparatus and method for in situ controlled heat processing of hydrocarbonaceous formations with a controlled parameter line patent February 1985
Method and system for introducing electric current into a well patent January 1988
NMR logging of natural gas reservoirs patent March 1996
Methanol from coal and natural gas patent October 1983
Oil recovery method patent February 1984
Vibratory signal sweep seismic prospecting method and apparatus patent July 1986
In situ thermal processing and remediation of an oil shale formation patent February 2006
Downhole combination tool patent November 1991
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation in a reducing environment patent February 2006
Sheet heater patent March 1988
In Situ Heat Treatment from Multiple Layers of a Tar Sands Formation patent-application March 2009
Fiber optic temperature sensing patent November 1983
Upgrading shale oil by a combination process patent November 1986
Surveying system and method for locating target subterranean bodies patent April 1992
Hydrogen gas-extraction module and method of fabrication patent November 2000
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources patent June 2007
Horizontal well gravity drainage combustion process for oil recovery patent October 1995
Producing hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon containing materials when treating a hydrocarbon containing formation patent September 2006
Crystalline zeolite ZSM-23 and synthesis thereof patent February 1978
Sour gas injection for use with in situ heat treatment patent-application July 2008
Method and apparatus for seismic exploration patent July 1999
Method of using seismic data to monitor firefloods patent March 1986
Apparatus and method for attenuating tube waves in a borehole patent March 2001
Coal gasification method patent January 1981
Multi-Step Heater Deployment in a Subsurface Formation patent-application August 2009
Method and apparatus for heating a wellbore patent April 2003
Balanced-line RF electrode system for use in RF ground heating to recover oil from oil shale patent August 1993
Low-voltage and low flux density heating system patent December 1998
Expandable tubing for a well bore hole and method of expanding patent March 2002
Petroleum well having downhole sensors, communication and power patent January 2004
Electrical heater patent February 2000
Method for dumping and disposing of carbon dioxide gas and apparatus therefor patent November 1993
Method of recovering viscous petroleum from an underground formation patent July 1977
Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands formations patent July 2009
Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a line drive staged process patent July 2009
Sealing system for a well bore in which a hot fluid is circulated patent April 1985
Thermal recovery of hydrocarbons from tar sands patent November 1976
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation in a hydrogen-rich environment patent April 2004
Process for the conversion of dimethyl ether patent March 1981
Nuclear magnetism logging tool using high-temperature superconducting squid detectors patent January 1991
Electric cable having braidless polymeric ground plane providing fault detection patent September 2001
Mini-well temperature profiling process patent October 1986
Producing hydrocarbons through successively perforated intervals of a horizontal well between two vertical wells patent July 1987
Permanent downhole, wireless, two-way telemetry backbone using redundant repeaters patent October 2005
Method for analysis of failure of material employing imaging patent December 1989
Process for recovery of hydrocarbons and rejection of sand patent May 1994
Thermoplastic end seal for electric heating elements patent November 1991
Methods for Forming Long Subsurface Heaters patent-application August 2009
Modified in situ retorting of oil shale patent August 1983
Recovery of liquid hydrocarbons from oil shale by electromagnetic heating in situ patent December 1984
Steamflooding with alternating injection and production cycles patent September 1993
Methods of hydrotreating a liquid stream to remove clogging compounds patent-application June 2007
Oil recovery process patent March 1994
Method for determining preselected properties of a crude oil patent April 1994
Low pressure process for C.sub.3.sup.+ liquids recovery from process product gas patent March 1988
Drilling system with an acoustic measurement-while-driving system for determining parameters of interest and controlling the drilling direction patent July 2000
Process for the preparation of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and preparation of hydrocarbons from syngas patent February 1985
Method for producing natural gas from a coal seam patent July 1988
Autoregulating, electrically shielded heater patent September 1987
Process for converting gas to liquids patent January 2001
Method of thermal stimulation for recovery of hydrocarbons patent July 1995
Induction Heaters Used to Heat Subsurface Formations patent-application August 2009
Recovery of products from oil shale patent May 2006
Method for excavating a large diameter shaft into the earth and at least partially through an oil-bearing formation patent July 1986
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In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a movable heating element patent June 2005
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Recovery of hydrocarbons from partially exhausted oil wells by mechanical wave heating patent September 1977
Process of hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking hydrocarbon streams or tail gas treating sulfur-containing gas streams patent November 1995
Autoregulating heater patent June 1988
Controllable gas-lift well and valve patent April 2004
Combination of epithermal and inelastic neutron scattering methods to locate coal and oil shale zones patent March 1976
Generating electromagnetic fields in a self regulating temperature heater by positioning of a current return bus patent November 1991
In situ combustion process for the recovery of liquid carbonaceous fuels from subterranean formations patent February 1981
Use of CO.sub.2 /steam to enhance floods in horizontal wellbores patent January 1991
Heat injection process patent July 1995
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a relatively slow heating rate patent July 2004
Downhole Burner System and Methods for Heating Subsurface Formations patent-application April 2009
Steam generator for a PEM fuel cell power plant patent-application August 2003
Heavy oil recovering patent June 1984
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce hydrocarbon fluids and synthesis gas patent July 2004
The Benefits of In Situ Upgrading Reactions to the Integrated Operations of the Orinoco Heavy-Oil Fields and Downstream Facilities conference April 2013
Reduction of shale oil pour point patent March 1984
Heater utilizing copper-nickel alloy core patent October 1991
Crystalline metallophosphate compositions patent January 1982
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Heat exchanger antifoulant patent November 1985
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce oxygen containing formation fluids patent November 2005
Method of producing viscous materials from subterranean formations patent April 1978
Downhole steam generator with improved preheating, combustion and protection features patent May 1983
In situ radio frequency selective heating system patent July 1984
Producing thin seams of coal in situ patent March 1977
In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation using gas to increase mobility patent November 2005
Horizontal well system patent July 2002
Method for monitoring the recovery of minerals from shallow geological formations patent August 1981
Downhole process control method utilizing seismic communication patent June 2003
Operating Laboratory Oil Shale Retorts In An In-Situ Mode conference April 2013
Production of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons patent April 1976
Process for recovering and upgrading hydrocarbons from oil shale and tar sands patent April 1976
Process for recovering products from tar sand patent October 1983
Transient response process for detecting in situ retorting conditions patent July 1984
Method and system for reducing NO.sub.x and fuel emissions in a furnace patent June 1998
In Situ Oxidation of Subsurface Formations patent-application August 2009
Apparatus for focused electrode induced polarization logging patent April 1986
In situ recovery from a kerogen and liquid hydrocarbon containing formation patent March 2006
Thermal recovery method for viscous oil patent July 1986
Method for operating a production well in an oxygen driven in-situ combustion oil recovery process patent July 1986
Temperature limited heaters with relatively constant current patent-application January 2006
Recovery of oil by in situ hydrogenation patent July 1986
Solution mining dawsonite from hydrocarbon containing formations with a chelating agent patent July 2009
Varying heating in dawsonite zones in hydrocarbon containing formations patent July 2009
Solution mining systems and methods for treating hydrocarbon containing formations patent July 2009
Temperature limited heater with a conduit substantially electrically isolated from the formation patent July 2009
In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation patent January 2006
Inhibiting effects of sloughing in wellbores patent-application December 2005
Apparatus for positioning a sample in a computerized axial tomographic scanner patent April 1986
Apparatus and method for methanol production using a fuel cell to regulate the gas composition entering the methanol synthesizer patent September 1988
Thermal mineral extraction system patent February 1994
Production of synthetic crude oil from heavy hydrocarbons recovered by in situ hydrovisbreaking patent January 2000
Upgrading and recovery of heavy crude oils and natural bitumens by in situ hydrovisbreaking patent January 2000
Methods for Forming Wellbores in Heated Formations patent-application August 2009
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation, in situ production of synthesis gas, and carbon dioxide sequestration patent May 2004
Petroleum production method patent October 1980
Enhanced oil recovery using electrical means patent October 1980
System for temperature profile measurement in large furnances and kilns and method therefor patent August 1988
Thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to increase a permeability of the formation patent October 2005
Oil well heater cable patent July 1998
Start-up of temperature limited heaters using direct current (DC) patent-application December 2005
Method of recovering energy from subsurface petroleum reservoirs patent June 1977
Self-regulating porous heating device patent December 1991
Controlled downhole chemical injection patent January 2006
Conversion of coal to electricity patent October 1985
Recovery of oil by in-situ combustion followed by in-situ hydrogenation patent September 1987
Molten Salt as a Heat Transfer Fluid for Heating a Subsurface Formation patent-application April 2009
In situ retorting of oil shale patent October 1982
Process for in situ conversion of coal or the like into oil and gas patent November 1977
Method for in-situ recovery of energy raw material by the introduction of a water/oxygen slurry patent July 1991
Method of imaging the atomic number of a sample patent February 1986
Production from Multiple Zones of a Tar Sands Formation patent-application April 2009
Process for recovering methane and/or sequestering fluids patent July 2002
Heating system for rathole oil well patent April 1989
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with heat sources located at an edge of a formation layer patent March 2004
Heat treatment with an autoregulating heater patent November 1986
In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using one or more simulations patent-application October 2003
Method and apparatus for in situ gasification of coal and the commercial products derived therefrom patent April 1976
Two string drilling system using coil tubing patent February 2005
Method for controlling the flow of subterranean water into a selected zone in a permeable subterranean carbonaceous deposit patent August 1983
Motor fuel production with fluid catalytic cracking of high-boiling alkylate patent November 1976
Thermal recovery of hydrocarbon from tar sands patent February 1977
Apparatus and process for the recovery of oil patent April 1984
Method and apparatus for producing fluid by varying current flow through subterranean source formation patent April 1976
Heavy oil recovery process patent November 1987
Process for converting heavy crudes, tars, and bitumens to lighter products in the presence of brine at supercritical conditions patent April 1989
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce a selected gas mixture patent-application March 2002
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce a mixture containing olefins, oxygenated hydrocarbons, and/or aromatic hydrocarbons patent-application April 2002
In situ recovery of oil from oil shale patent April 1984
Corrugated spiral membrane module patent October 1995
In-situ combustion method for recovery of heavy oil utilizing oxygen and carbon dioxide as initial oxidant patent October 1983
Heat injection process and apparatus patent April 1995
Alternate energy source usage for in situ heat treatment processes patent-application July 2008
Membrane process for treating a mixture containing dewaxed oil and dewaxing solvent patent March 1992
Method for drilling a borehole from one cased borehole to another cased borehole patent July 1996
In situ gasification of solid hydrocarbon materials in a subterranean formation patent May 1977
Enhanced recovery of hydrocarbonaceous fluids oil shale patent October 1987
In Situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce a condensate patent August 2003
In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation through a heat source wellbore patent April 2004
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce nitrogen containing formation fluids patent April 2004
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to form a substantially uniform, high permeability formation patent April 2004
Methods for isolating a water table and for soil remediation patent July 1995
Slurry hydroprocessing for heavy oil upgrading using supported slurry catalysts patent-application August 2002
Pro-ecological mining system patent-application July 2003
Removable heat sources for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation patent-application August 2003
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using heat sources positioned within open wellbores patent June 2004
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources patent January 2006
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a movable heating element patent August 2006
EMAT probe and technique for weld inspection patent June 1998
In situ recovery from a hydrocarbon containing formation using barriers patent July 2006
Apparatus and method for time-domain tracking of high-speed chemical reactions patent August 1983
In situ thermal processing of an oil reservoir formation patent July 2006
Power sources for downhole electrical heating patent March 1992
Solution mining dawsonite from hydrocarbon containing formations with a chelating agent patent-application May 2007
Temperature limited heaters with high power factors patent-application December 2005
Medium-load power-generating plant with integrated coal gasification plant patent September 1986
Heating of solid earthen material, measuring moisture and resistivity patent August 1996
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce hydrocarbon fluids and synthesis gas patent October 2004
Gas and oil production patent October 2004
Retorting and Combustion Processes in Surface Oil-Shale Retorts journal November 1981
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with carbon dioxide sequestration patent March 2005
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with heat sources located at an edge of a coal layer patent August 2006
Reference signal encoding for seismic while drilling measurement patent June 2000
In situ thermal processing of a relatively permeable formation while controlling pressure patent August 2006
Method of recovery of natural gases from underground coal formations patent July 1994
Oil recovery optimization using a well having both horizontal and vertical sections patent August 1994
The Characteristics of a Low Temperature In Situ Shale Oil conference April 2013
In situ combustion process for the recovery of liquid carbonaceous fuels from subterranean formations patent February 1980
Continuous borehole formed horizontally through a hydrocarbon producing formation patent May 1984
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation using a pattern of heat sources patent-application September 2006
Upgrading and mining of coal patent November 2005
In-situ gasification of tar sands utilizing a combustible gas patent March 1986
Logging while drilling borehole imaging and dipmeter device patent May 1999
Process for in situ coal gasification patent April 1980
Substoichiometric combustion of low heating value gases patent January 1983
Ignition procedure and process for in situ retorting of oil shale patent January 1984
System and process for secondary hydrocarbon recovery patent October 2002
System for transmitting ultrasonic energy through core samples patent April 1983
Reverse circulation bit apparatus patent April 1989
Producing methane from coal in situ patent May 1978
Creating and maintaining a gas cap in tar sands formations patent-application January 2009
Situ coal combustion heat recovery method patent May 1978
Methods of fluidized production of coal in situ patent May 1978
In situ thermal processing of a heavy oil diatomite formation patent September 2006
Method for determining the extent of subsurface reaction involving acoustic signals patent June 1983
Electric heating apparatus for de-icing pipes patent December 1983
Steam reformer with internal hydrogen purification patent January 1999
Self-regulating heater employing reactive components patent July 1989
Control system for well stimulation apparatus with response time temperature rise used in determining heater control temperature setpoint patent May 1996
Inhibiting wellbore deformation during in situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation patent May 2007
Method and apparatus for recovery of oil, gas and mineral deposits by panel opening patent October 1984
Some Effects of Pressure on Oil-Shale Retorting journal September 1969
System and method for subterranean access patent-application February 2004
Method for producing low permeability reservoirs using steam patent May 1995
Vacuum method for removing soil contamination utilizing surface electrical heating patent January 1991
Method for recovering contaminants from soil utilizing electrical heating patent August 1997
Oil stabilization patent October 1991
Thermomechanical fracture for recovery system in oil shale deposits patent April 1978
Method of monitoring a heater for faults patent October 1987
Insulated and/or concentric coiled tubing patent January 2000
Process for hydrotreating metal-contaminated hydrocarbonaceous feedstock patent April 1998
In-situ thermal desorption of heavy hydrocarbons in vadose zone patent June 1998
Triaxial temperature limited heater patent May 2008
Direct Production of Low Pour Point High Gravity Shale Oil journal March 1967
Hydrogenation catalyst and process patent February 1995
Gas fired radiant tube heater patent January 1992
In-situ tuned microwave oil extraction process patent January 1992
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation and ammonia production patent May 2004
Electrode well and method of completion patent February 1987
In-situ steam drive oil recovery process patent February 1987
Method for determining capillary pressure and relative permeability by imaging patent January 1990
Process for manufacturing improved process oils using extraction of hydrotreated distillates patent August 2000
Process for Extracting Oils and Hydrocarbon Material From Shale and Similar Bituminous Rocks patent June 1920
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation leaving one or more selected unprocessed areas patent March 2004
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a controlled heating rate patent June 2004
NMR imaging of materials for transport properties patent January 1988
Apparatus for analysis of failure of material patent August 1989
Method and apparatus for providing multiple autoregulated temperatures patent June 1999
Recovery of oil from oil-bearing formation by continually flowing pressurized heated gas through channel alongside matrix patent August 1989
Method to increase the oil production from an oil reservoir patent December 2002
Forming openings in a hydrocarbon containing formation using magnetic tracking patent January 2006
Heat injection process patent May 1995
In situ thermal processing of a tar sands formation patent June 2006
Oil recovery by enhanced imbitition in low permeability reservoirs patent May 1995
Viscous oil production using electrical current heating and lateral drain holes patent December 1984
In situ recovery from lean and rich zones in a hydrocarbon containing formation patent June 2006
Recovery of hydrocarbons by in situ thermal extraction patent May 1976
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a relatively slow heating rate patent March 2004
Temperature Measuring Device patent July 1971
Temperature limited heaters using phase transformation of ferromagnetic material patent-application February 2008
In situ production of synthesis gas from a coal formation, the synthesis gas having a selected H2 to CO ratio patent April 2005
Fiber optic linked flame sensor patent October 1998
Apparatus and method for the recovery of fuel products from subterranean deposits of carbonaceous matter using a plasma arc patent January 1978
Use of downhole high pressure gas in a gas-lift well and associated methods patent December 2006
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce a desired product patent April 2005
Method for recovering methane from a solid carbonaceous subterranean formation patent October 1996
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation and upgrading of produced fluids prior to further treatment patent-application October 2003
In Situ Recovery from Residually Heated Sections in a Hydrocarbon Containing Formation patent-application April 2009
Substoichiometric combustion of low heating value gases patent May 1983
In situ soil decontamination method and apparatus patent April 1991
Process for producing methanol patent July 1981
Thermal processes for subsurface formations patent-application June 2007
Process for recovering products from oil shale patent April 1982
Method and apparatus for conversion of coal in situ patent October 1988
NMR logging of natural gas reservoirs patent July 2000
In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation to increase permeability of the formation patent August 2004
Recovery of hydrocarbons from deep underground deposits of tar sands patent June 1984
Method for in situ coal gasification operations patent December 1981
Method for oil recovery by in situ exfoliation drive patent January 1985
Apparatus for electrode heating of earth for recovery of subsurface volatiles and semi-volatiles patent April 1997
Robust electrical heating systems for mineral wells patent December 1991
Electrical heating of mineral well deposits using downhole impedance transformation networks patent April 1997
Radar system for detecting slowly moving targets patent September 1977
Crystalline Zeolite ZSM-5 and Method of Preparing the Same patent November 1972
Hydrocarbon stratum retorting means and method patent June 1986
Method and apparatus for producing tar sand deposits containing conductive layers having little or no vertical communication patent October 1991
Pressure-balanced oil recovery process for water productive oil shale patent April 1979
Conduction heating of hydrocarbonaceous formations patent October 1985
Arrangement of wells for producing subsurface viscous petroleum patent December 1981
Metal oversheathed electrical resistance heater patent December 1986
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation by controlling a pressure of the formation patent April 2004
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to convert a selected amount of total organic carbon into hydrocarbon products patent April 2004
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a natural distributed combustor patent June 2005
Alternating current electrically resistive heating element having intrinsic temperature control patent March 1981
Heating Systems for Heating Subsurface Formations patent-application April 2009
Acoustic measurements in rock formations for determining fracture orientation patent May 1988
Apparatus and method for heating subterranean formations using fuel cells patent February 2004
Varying Properties of In Situ Heat Treatment of a Tar Sands Formation Based on Assessed Viscosities patent-application April 2009
Flameless combustor patent January 1999
Temperature limited heaters using modulated DC power patent-application December 2005
Drilling Subsurface Wellbores with Cutting Structures patent-application March 2009
Multiple-site underground magnetic heating of hydrocarbons patent August 1982
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a distributed combustor patent April 2004
Temperature limited heaters with thermally conductive fluid used to heat subsurface formations patent June 2008
Generating medium BTU gas from coal in situ patent July 1978
Low temperature barriers with heat interceptor wells for in situ processes patent October 2008
In situ thermal processing of a coal formation with a selected oxygen content and/or selected O/C ratio patent April 2004
Continuous Subsurface Heater Temperature Measurement patent-application July 2009
Method of completing an uncased section of a borehole patent November 1994
In situ thermal processing of hydrocarbons within a relatively permeable formation patent April 2004
Method of extracting a hollow unit laid in the ground patent November 1999
Systems and methods for hydrocarbon recovery patent January 2001
Switch controlled, zone-type heating cable and method patent April 1996
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation leaving one or more selected unprocessed areas patent April 2004
Live well heater cable patent July 2003
Method of underground fuel gasification patent April 1984
Solution Mining and In Situ Treatment of Nahcolite Beds patent-application August 2009
In situ process for recovery of carbonaceous materials from subterranean deposits patent May 1978
Method and system to locate leaks in subsurface containment structures using tracer gases patent March 2000
In situ conversion process utilizing a closed loop heating system patent August 2009
Method and apparatus for treatment of subsurface formations patent October 1984
Low temperature monitoring system for subsurface barriers patent August 2009
Extraction from underground coal deposits patent August 1977
Process for the gasification of coal in situ patent May 1978
Inhibiting reflux in a heated well of an in situ conversion system patent-application December 2005
Wire and cable patent May 1993
Methods and systems for heating a hydrocarbon containing formation in situ with an opening contacting the earth's surface at two locations patent June 2006
Treatment of gas from an in situ conversion process patent-application May 2007
Three magnet casing collar locator patent February 1989
Treatment of underground beds patent April 1984
Method for monitoring a heater patent November 1988
Sealed electrical conductor method and arrangement for use with a well bore in hazardous areas patent March 1994
Hydrotreating process using sulfur activated non-calcined catalyst patent September 2001
Installation and use of removable heaters in a hydrocarbon containing formation patent January 2007
Oil well casting electrical power pick-off points patent January 2007
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation producing a mixture with oxygenated hydrocarbons patent-application June 2002
Three-Phase Heaters with Common Overburden Sections for Heating Subsurface Formations patent-application August 2009
Surface heating blanket for soil remediation patent July 1993
Electrical Heating With Horizontal Wells, The Heat Transfer Problem conference April 2013
Method of power generation via coal gasification and liquid hydrocarbon synthesis patent October 1976
Method of in-situ hydrogenation of carbonaceous material patent February 1985
The Thermal and Structural Properties of a Hanna Basin Coal journal June 1984
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range patent February 2006
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a natural distributed combustor patent October 2006
Temperature limited heaters with thermally conductive fluid used to heat subsurface formations patent-application December 2005
High power self-regulating heater patent March 1989
High resolution tomographic imaging method patent January 1987
In situ thermal processing and inhibiting migration of fluids into or out of an in situ oil shale formation patent April 2006
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation in a reducing environment patent July 2005
Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands formations patent-application June 2007
Substoichiometric combustion of low heating value gases using different platinum catalysts patent March 1983
Remediation method patent December 1999
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range patent July 2005
Method for production of hydrocarbons from organic-rich rock patent July 2005
Control of heat injection based on temperature and in-situ stress measurement patent August 2000
Gas injection to inhibit migration during an in situ heat treatment process patent-application September 2008
Heating Subsurface Formations by Oxidizing Fuel on a Fuel Carrier patent-application August 2009
In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with backproduction through a heater wellbore patent November 2005
Low temperature barriers with heat interceptor wells for in situ processes patent-application March 2007
Method for initiating an in-situ recovery process by the introduction of oxygen patent August 1977
An Analog Computer for Studying Heat Transfer During a Thermal Recovery Process journal December 1955
Analysis of oil shale and petroleum source rock pyrolysis by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry: comparisons of gas evolution at the heating rate of 10.degree.C/min journal May 1991
In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation with a selected property patent February 2006
In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected hydrogen to carbon ratio patent February 2006

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