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  1. Non-monotonic effect of growth temperature on carrier collection in SnS solar cells

    We quantify the effects of growth temperature on material and device properties of thermally evaporated SnS thin-films and test structures. Grain size, Hall mobility, and majority-carrier concentration monotonically increase with growth temperature. Yet, the charge collection as measured by the long-wavelength contribution to short-circuit current exhibits a non-monotonic behavior: the collection decreases with increased growth temperature from 150 °C to 240 °C and then recovers at 285 °C. Fits to the experimental internal quantum efficiency using an opto-electronic model indicate that the non-monotonic behavior of charge-carrier collection can be explained by a transition from drift- to diffusion-assisted components of carriermore » collection. The results reflect a promising increase in the extracted minority-carrier diffusion length at the highest growth temperature of 285 °C. These findings demonstrate how coupled mechanisms can affect early stage device development, highlighting the critical role of direct materials property measurements and simulation.« less

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