Mechanisms for negative reactant ion formation in an atmospheric pressure corona discharge

Ewing, Robert G; Waltman, Melanie J

doi:10.1007/s12127-009-0019-8

Title: Mechanisms for negative reactant ion formation in an atmospheric pressure corona discharge

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

In an effort to better understand the formation of negative reactant ions in air produced by an atmospheric pressure corona discharge source, the neutral vapors generated by the corona were introduced in varying amounts into the ionization region of an ion mobility spectrometer/mass spectrometer containing a 63Ni ionization source. With no discharge gas the predominant ions were O2- , however, upon the introduction of low levels of discharge gas the NO2- ion quickly became the dominant species. As the amount of discharge gas increased the appearance of CO3- was observed followed by the appearance of NO3-. At very high levels, NO3- species became effectively the only ion present and appeared as two peaks in the IMS spectrum, NO3- and the NO3-•HNO3 adduct, with separate mobilities. Since explosive compounds typically ionize in the presence of negative reactant ions, the ionization of an explosive, RDX, was examined in order to investigate the ionization properties with these three primary ions. It was found that RDX forms a strong adduct with both NO2- and NO3- with reduced mobility values of 1.49 and 1.44 cm2V-1s-1, respectively. No adduct was observed for RDX with CO3- although this adduct has been observed with a corona discharge massmore »« less

Authors:: Ewing, Robert G; Waltman, Melanie J

Publication Date:: Tue Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2009

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 965538

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-65239
TRN: US200920%%327

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: International Journal for Ion Mobility Spectrometry, 12(2):65-72

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 2

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE; CORONA DISCHARGES; IONIZATION; MASS SPECTROMETERS; ANIONS; DETECTION; GAS ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL EXPLOSIVES; ION MOBILITY; ADDUCTS; orona discharge; ion mobility spectrometry; explosive detection; atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

Citation Formats


                    Ewing, Robert G, and Waltman, Melanie J. Mechanisms for negative reactant ion formation in an atmospheric pressure corona discharge.  United States: N. p., 2009. 
        Web.  doi:10.1007/s12127-009-0019-8.

Copy to clipboard


                    Ewing, Robert G, & Waltman, Melanie J. Mechanisms for negative reactant ion formation in an atmospheric pressure corona discharge.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12127-009-0019-8

Copy to clipboard


                    Ewing, Robert G, and Waltman, Melanie J. 2009.  
        "Mechanisms for negative reactant ion formation in an atmospheric pressure corona discharge".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12127-009-0019-8.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_965538,

  title        = {Mechanisms for negative reactant ion formation in an atmospheric pressure corona discharge},

  author       = {Ewing, Robert G and Waltman, Melanie J},

  abstractNote = {In an effort to better understand the formation of negative reactant ions in air produced by an atmospheric pressure corona discharge source, the neutral vapors generated by the corona were introduced in varying amounts into the ionization region of an ion mobility spectrometer/mass spectrometer containing a 63Ni ionization source. With no discharge gas the predominant ions were O2- , however, upon the introduction of low levels of discharge gas the NO2- ion quickly became the dominant species. As the amount of discharge gas increased the appearance of CO3- was observed followed by the appearance of NO3-. At very high levels, NO3- species became effectively the only ion present and appeared as two peaks in the IMS spectrum, NO3- and the NO3-•HNO3 adduct, with separate mobilities. Since explosive compounds typically ionize in the presence of negative reactant ions, the ionization of an explosive, RDX, was examined in order to investigate the ionization properties with these three primary ions. It was found that RDX forms a strong adduct with both NO2- and NO3- with reduced mobility values of 1.49 and 1.44 cm2V-1s-1, respectively. No adduct was observed for RDX with CO3- although this adduct has been observed with a corona discharge mass spectrometer. It is believed that this adduct, although formed, does not have a sufficiently long lifetime (greater than 10 ms) to be observed in an ion mobility spectrometer.},

  doi          = {10.1007/s12127-009-0019-8},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/965538},
  journal      = {International Journal for Ion Mobility Spectrometry, 12(2):65-72},
number       = 2,

  volume       = 12,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2009},

  month        = {Tue Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2009}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12127-009-0019-8

Other availability

Find in Google Scholar

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections:

Characterization of a Distributed Plasma Ionization Source (DPIS) for Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Mass Spectrometry

Journal Article Waltman, Melanie; Dwivedi, Prabha; Hill, Herbert; ... - Talanta, 77(1):249-255

A recently developed atmospheric pressure ionization source, a distributed plasma ionization source (DPIS), was characterized and compared to commonly used atmospheric pressure ionization sources with both mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry. The source consisted of two electrodes of different sizes separated by a thin dielectric. Application of a high RF voltage across the electrodes generated plasma in air yielding both positive and negative ions depending on the polarity of the applied potential. These reactant ions subsequently ionized the analyte vapors. The reactant ions generated were similar to those created in a conventional point-to-plane corona discharge ion source. The positivemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2008.06.014
Production and Utilization of CO3- Produced by a Corona Discharge in Air for Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization

Journal Article Ewing, Robert; Waltman, Melanie - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 296(1-3):53-58

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization is a multistep ionization process used in mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry. The formation of product ions depends upon interactions with the analyte and the reactant ion species formed in the ionization source. The predominant reactant ion observed in a point-to-plane corona discharge in air occurs at m/z 60. There have been multiple references in the literature to the identity of this ion with some disagreement. It was postulated to be either CO3- or N2O2-. The identity of this ion is important as it is a key to the ionization of analytes. It was determinedmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2010.08.024
Direct Real-Time Detection of RDX Vapors Under Ambient Conditions

Journal Article Ewing, Robert; Atkinson, David; Clowers, Brian - Analytical Chemistry, 85(1):389-397

The results in this manuscript represent a demonstration of RDX vapor detection in real time at ambient temperature without sample pre-concentration. The detection of vapors from the low volatility explosive compound RDX was achieved through selective atmospheric pressure chemical ionization using nitrate reactant ions (NO3-), and NO3-•HNO3 adducts generated in an electrical discharge source. The RDX vapors were ionized in a reaction region, which provided a variable (up to several seconds) reaction time. The reaction times were controlled by either flow in an atmospheric flow tube (AFT) or by electric field in an atmospheric drift tube (ADT). Both AFT andmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/ac302828g
Direct Real-Time Detection of Vapors from Explosive Compounds

Journal Article Ewing, Robert; Clowers, Brian; Atkinson, David - Analytical Chemistry, 85(22):10977-10983

The real-time detection of vapors from low volatility explosives including PETN, tetryl, RDX and nitroglycerine along with various compositions containing these substances is demonstrated. This was accomplished with an atmospheric flow tube (AFT) using a non-radioactive ionization source and coupled to a mass spectrometer. Direct vapor detection was demonstrated in less than 5 seconds at ambient temperature without sample pre-concentration. The several seconds of residence time of analytes in the AFT provides a significant opportunity for reactant ions to interact with analyte vapors to achieve ionization. This extended reaction time, combined with the selective ionization using the nitrate reactant ionsmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/ac402513r
Reducing ion diffusion at atmospheric pressure through intermingled positive and negative ions

Journal Article Ewing, Robert; Hart, Garret; Nims, Megan; ... - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry

Increasing ion molecule reaction times for ambient ionization techniques can increase sensitivity of detection. Longer reaction times result in an increase in analyte signal relative to the reactant ion signal, however with a subsequent decrease in the total ion intensity. This loss in the total number of ions reaching the detector limits the extent to which increased reaction time can improve detection in practical applications. In this study ion loss was measured using either electric fields or gas flow to control ion transit time. Ion transit times ranged from 40 ms to 8s, which resulted in ion densities ranging frommore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2023.117115

Similar Records