Characterization of Single-mode Chalcogenide Optical Fiber for Mid-Infrared Applications

Conference · Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818184· OSTI ID:965153

Krishnaswami, Kannan ^[1]; Qiao, Hong ^[1]; Bernacki, Bruce E. ^[1]; Anheier, Norman C. ^[1]

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1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Chalcogenide fibers display a wide transmission window ranging from 2-10.6 μm, ideally suited to the development of passive and active mid-infrared (MIR) sensors. They are essential building blocks for the integration and miniaturization of laser-based MIR optical systems for terrestrial, airborne and space-based sensing platforms. Single-mode chalcogenide fibers have only recently become commercially available and therefore performance data and standard reproducible processing techniques have not been widely reported. In this paper we present a method for producing high quality facets on commercial single-mode As-Se fibers with core and cladding diameters of 28.1 and 169.9μm respectively. The emitted beam profile from these fibers, using the 9.4μm line of a tunable CO₂ laser, showed the presence of leaky cladding modes due to waveguiding conditions created by the protective acrylate jacket. These undesirable cladding modes were easily suppressed by applying a gallium coating on the cladding near both input and output facets. We provide experimental data of efficient mode suppression and the emission of a circular near-perfect Gaussian beam profile from the fiber. A model to determine appropriate placement of gallium coatings to minimize processing while maximizing cladding mode suppression is currently underway. Furthermore, analyses of the beam, acquired by scanning an HgCdTe detector, yielded a 1/e² numerical aperture of 0.11 with a full width half maximum divergence of 11° for these fibers. The availability of single-mode MIR fibers, in conjunction with recent advances in room temperature quantum cascade lasers (QCL), could provide compact and light-weight transmitter solutions for several critical defense and nuclear non-proliferation needs.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 965153
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA-65330; TRN: US200919%%485
• Resource Relation: Conference: Laser Technology for Defense and Security V, 7325 :Art. No. 73250Z-1 - 73250Z-10
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL PROTECTION
ACRYLATES
APERTURES
BEAM PROFILES
CHALCOGENIDES
COATINGS
FIBERS
GALLIUM
LASERS
MINIATURIZATION
OPTICAL FIBERS
OPTICAL SYSTEMS
PROLIFERATION
SECURITY
chalcogenide
mid-infrared
fiber-optic