Survey of receiving-water environmental impacts associated with discharges from pulp mills; 1: Mill characteristics, receiving-water chemical profiles and lab toxicity tests
- Univ. of Guelph, Ontario (Canada). Dept. of Environmental Biology
- National Water Research Inst., Burlington, Ontario (Canada). Rivers Research Branch
- Centre for Toxicology, Guelph, Ontario (Canada)
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Ontario (Canada). Water Resources Branch
- Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Burlington, Ontario (Canada). Great Lakes Lab. for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
This survey examined the relationship between environmental responses at pulp mill sites and the pulping process, effluent treatment, and bleaching technology used by pulp mills. This manuscript is the first in a series of four; it reviews the location and operating characteristics of mills included in the survey and provides background information on water chemistry that is relevant to the other components of the survey. In addition, lab 7-d toxicity tests of receiving water were conducted using fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia with water samples collected upstream and downstream of effluent discharges at 11 Canadian pulp and paper mills; these samples were collected at the same time as fish surveys were conducted. Survival of fathead minnow larvae was significantly reduced at four of the 11 downstream sites. Ceriodaphnia reproduction was significantly higher at six of the 11 downstream sites and significantly lower at two downstream sites. There were no significant effects on fathead minnow larva growth or adult Ceriodaphnia survival at any of the examined downstream sites. Negative effects in the toxicity tests were generally associated with the low dilution discharge of primary treated effluent with a previous history of acute toxicity. Fathead minnow and Ceriodaphnia tests were generally correlated with historical data on benthic macroinvertebrate community responses. Neither toxicity test predicted the physiological changes in wild fish that are presented in accompanying papers.
- OSTI ID:
- 7163072
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States), Vol. 13:7; ISSN 0730-7268
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
CANADA
WATER POLLUTION
CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
CRUSTACEANS
SENSITIVITY
DIOXIN
TOXICITY
FATHEAD MINNOW
FURANS
WOOD PRODUCTS INDUSTRY
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
ARTHROPODS
CHEMICAL WASTES
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
FISHES
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRY
INVERTEBRATES
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTES
NORTH AMERICA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
VERTEBRATES
WASTES
540320* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology