Comparison of the treatment of cyanide poisoning in the cynomolgus monkey with sodium nitrite of 4-dimethylaminophenol (4-dmap), with and without sodium thiosulfate. Technical report, April 1979-September 1981
Two methemoglobin generating compounds, sodium nitrite (iv) or 4-dimethylaminophenol (4-DMAP) (im), with and without sodium thiosulfate (iv), were compared as post-treatment therapy in anesthetized monkeys poisoning with cyanide. Arterial blood samples were taken before and after an injection of sodium cyanide (8.4 mg/kg) and treatment for analyses of blood cyanide, plasma cyanide, thiocyanate and methemoglobin content. Physiologic parameters were monitored in these treated cyanide-poisoned animals. The time course of methemoglobin formation and physiologic parameters were also monitored in animals receiving only 4-DMAP or sodium nitrite. A maximal methemoglobin level was observed at 30 minutes following injection of 4-DMAP, and 60 minutes post injection with sodium nitrite. Volumes of distribution (Vd) of cyanide were calculated from the concentrations of cyanide in blood samples and doses of cyanide injected. Although 4-DMAP forms methemoglobin more rapidly than sodium nitrite, both compounds form methemoglobin quickly enough to provide protection against cyanide poisoning. The protection offered by either compound against the lethal effects of cyanide was potentiated when used in combination with sodium thiosulfate.
- Research Organization:
- Army Medical Research Inst. of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 7032118
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-284920/6/XAB; USAMRICD-TR-94-01
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Analysis of hemoglobin derivatives by capillary isoelectric focusing and its application in the antidotal research of cyanide poisoning
Effectiveness of intramuscularly administered cyanide antidotes and the rate of methemoglobin formation
Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
CYANIDES
COMPILED DATA
THIOSULFATES
DATA
INFORMATION
MEDICINE
NUMERICAL DATA
WEAPONS
450600* - Military Technology
Weaponry
& National Defense- Chemical & Biological- (1990)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology