Mapping of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) genes
- ZymoGenetics Corp., Seattle, WA (United States)
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes the synthesis of [gamma]-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is known as a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), but is also present outside the CNS. Recent studies showed that GAD is the major target of autoantibodies associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and of the rare stiff man syndrome. Studies of GAD expression have demonstrated multiple transcripts, suggesting several isoforms of GAD. In this study, three different genes were mapped by in situ hybridization to both human and mouse chromosomes. The GAD1 gene was mapped to human chromosome 2q31 and to mouse chromosome 2D in a known region of conservation between human and mouse. GAD2, previously mapped to human chromosome 10p11.2-p12, was mapped to mouse chromosome 2A2-B, which identifies a new region of conservation between human and mouse chromosomes. A potential GAD3 transcript was mapped to human chromosome 22q13 and to mouse chromosome 15E in a known region of conservation between human and mouse. It is concluded that the GAD genes may form a family with as many as three related members. 30 refs., 5 figs.
- OSTI ID:
- 6955491
- Journal Information:
- Genomics; (United States), Vol. 17:1; ISSN 0888-7543
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
DECARBOXYLASES
GENES
GLUTAMIC ACID
DECARBOXYLATION
HUMAN CHROMOSOME 2
GENETIC MAPPING
HUMAN CHROMOSOME 22
AMINO ACIDS
CARBON-CARBON LYASES
CARBOXY-LYASES
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMOSOMES
ENZYMES
HUMAN CHROMOSOMES
LYASES
MAPPING
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PROTEINS
550400* - Genetics
550900 - Pathology