A versatile source to produce high-intensity, pulsed supersonic radical beams for crossed-beam experiments: The cyanogen radical CN(X{sup 2}{Sigma}{sup +}) as a case study
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd. 107 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of (China)
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States)
In our laboratory a novel and convenient technique has been developed to generate an intense pulsed cyano radical beam to be employed in crossed molecular beam experiments investigating the chemical dynamics of bimolecular reactions. CN radicals in their ground electronic state {sup 2}{Sigma}{sup +} are produced {ital in situ} via laser ablation of a graphite rod at 266 nm and 30 mJ output power and subsequent reaction of the ablated species with molecular nitrogen, which acts also as a seeding gas. A chopper wheel located after the ablation source and before the collision center selects a 9 {mu}s segment of the beam. By changing the delay time between the pulsed valve and the choppper wheel, we can select a section of the pulsed CN(X{sup 2}{Sigma}{sup +}) beam choosing different velocities in the range of 900{endash}1920 ms{sup {minus}1} with speed ratios from 4 to 8. A high-stability analog oscillator drives the motor of the chopper wheel (deviations less than 100 ppm of the period), and a high-precision reversible motor driver is interfaced to the rotating carbon rod. Both units are essential to ensure a stable cyanogen radical beam with velocity fluctuations of less than 3{percent}. The high intensity of the pulsed supersonic CN beam of about 2{endash}3{times}10{sup 11} cm{sup {minus}3} is three orders of magnitude higher than supersonic cyano radical beams employed in previous crossed molecular beams experiments. This data together with the tunable velocity range clearly demonstrate the unique power of our newly developed {ital in situ} production of a supersonic CN radical beam. This versatile concept is extendible to generate other intense, pulsed supersonic beams of highly unstable diatomic radicals, among them BC, BN, BO, BS, CS, SiC, SiN, SiO, and SiS, which are expected to play a crucial role in interstellar chemistry, chemistry in the solar system, and/or combustion processes. {copyright} {ital 1999 American Institute of Physics.}
- OSTI ID:
- 688078
- Journal Information:
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 70, Issue 11; Other Information: PBD: Nov 1999
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CATIONS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CYANOGEN
MOLECULAR BEAMS
ION BEAMS
ION SOURCES
SUPERSONIC FLOW
DIATOMS
BORON CARBIDES
BORON NITRIDES
BORON OXIDES
BORON SULFIDES
CARBON SULFIDES
SILICON CARBIDES
SILICON NITRIDES
SILICON OXIDES
SILICON SULFIDES
FABRICATION
DESIGN
BEAM PRODUCTION
BEAM DYNAMICS
GRAPHITE
LASER TARGETS
ABLATION
NITROGEN