Biofilm control studies using ferrate and sulfur dioxide. Final report
This study evaluates the possibility of utilizing two new compounds for biofilm control. The two compounds studied were iron (VI) ferrate and sulfur dioxide. Previous studies have indicated that iron (VI) ferrate is an effective disinfectant of bacterial suspensions. Therefore, the possibility of ferrate inactivating bacterial film was studied in test laboratory condensers. Bench scale flow through systems were established and environmental conditions were set so that a bacterial film of greater than 100 microns developed in less than two weeks operation. The effectiveness of ferrate treatment for biofouling control was ascertained by measuring film thickness vs. time in the test systems as a function of various ferrate doses. For ferrate concentrations similar to those effective in suspended systems, that is, 10/sup -5/M ferrate, good biofilm growth prevention was observed. When ferrate concentrations were decreased to below 10/sup -6/M, no repression of film growth was observed. Therefore, ferrate is a possible control chemical for biofilm growth prevention in condenser systems. The second part of this study dealt with the evaluation of sulfur dioxide as a biocidal agent. This study was only preliminary in nature and the main objective was to determine whether sulfur dioxide could act as a biocide against suspended bacterial systems. No biofilm studies were undertaken using SO/sub 2/ as a treatment chemical. The results indicated that sulfur dioxide is an effective biocide but its effectiveness is highly pH dependent. Several different types of bacterial were used as test organisms and all were rapidly inactivated at reasonable sulfur dioxide concentrations when the pH was below four. For neutral or basic pH very large SO/sub 2/ concentrations, often approaching two grams per liter, were required for reasonable disinfection kinetics. 65 references, 35 figures, 6 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Miami Univ., FL (USA). Dept. of Civil Engineering
- OSTI ID:
- 6428942
- Report Number(s):
- EPRI-CS-3708; ON: TI85920112
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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