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Title: Vertical movements of crust, uplift of lithosphere, and isostatic unroofing: case histories from the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians

Abstract

Evidence of former deep burial of Ordovician to Devonian strata of the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians has been obtained from petrographic and geochemical studies of carbonates and coal-bearing rocks. In diagenetic minerals of the carbonate rocks, fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures and delta/sup 18/O values indicate paleotemperatures of 100 to 200/sup 0/C. The geothermometers used also include vitrinite reflectance, level of organic metamorphism (LOM), Staplin kerogen alteration index, and conodont alteration index (CAI). Maximum depths of burial were calculated from the estimated paleotemperatures assuming a geothermal gradient of about 25/sup 0/C/km. Strata of the Silurian of the northern Appalachian basin and of the Ordovician of the Ozark dome are interpreted to have reached maximum burial depths of 5 and 4.3 km, respectively; Devonian strata in the Catskill Mountains of New York had former burial depths of about 6.5 km; Lower Ordovician carbonate sequences of the northern Appalachian basin were buried to more than 7 km; Middle Ordovician strata from the same basin had paleodepths of approximately 5 km, and Devonian strata, 4.5 to 5 km. If these strata were formerly buried much more deeply than previously thought, then unexpectedly large amounts of uplift and erosion, ranging from 4.3 to 7more » km, must also have occurred to bring these strata to the present land surface. The occurrence of such large-scale vertical movements of the crust and lithosphere needs to be recognized in paleogeographic reconstructions.« less

Authors:
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brooklyn College of the City Univ. of New York
OSTI Identifier:
6221620
Report Number(s):
CONF-870606-
Journal ID: CODEN: AABUD
Resource Type:
Conference
Journal Name:
AAPG (Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol.) Bull.; (United States)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 71:5; Conference: American Association of Petroleum Geologists annual meeting, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 7 Jun 1987
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
02 PETROLEUM; APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; CARBONATE ROCKS; COAL; GEOLOGIC HISTORY; PETROLEUM GEOLOGY; GEOCHEMISTRY; DEVONIAN PERIOD; GEOLOGIC FORMATIONS; KEROGEN; MACERALS; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; ORDOVICIAN PERIOD; SEDIMENTARY BASINS; BITUMINOUS MATERIALS; CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS; CHEMISTRY; ENERGY SOURCES; FOSSIL FUELS; FUELS; GEOLOGIC AGES; GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES; GEOLOGY; MATERIALS; MOUNTAINS; ORGANIC MATTER; PALEOZOIC ERA; PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; ROCKS; SEDIMENTARY ROCKS; 020200* - Petroleum- Reserves, Geology, & Exploration

Citation Formats

Friedman, G M. Vertical movements of crust, uplift of lithosphere, and isostatic unroofing: case histories from the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians. United States: N. p., 1987. Web.
Friedman, G M. Vertical movements of crust, uplift of lithosphere, and isostatic unroofing: case histories from the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians. United States.
Friedman, G M. 1987. "Vertical movements of crust, uplift of lithosphere, and isostatic unroofing: case histories from the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians". United States.
@article{osti_6221620,
title = {Vertical movements of crust, uplift of lithosphere, and isostatic unroofing: case histories from the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians},
author = {Friedman, G M},
abstractNote = {Evidence of former deep burial of Ordovician to Devonian strata of the Ozark dome and northern Appalachians has been obtained from petrographic and geochemical studies of carbonates and coal-bearing rocks. In diagenetic minerals of the carbonate rocks, fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures and delta/sup 18/O values indicate paleotemperatures of 100 to 200/sup 0/C. The geothermometers used also include vitrinite reflectance, level of organic metamorphism (LOM), Staplin kerogen alteration index, and conodont alteration index (CAI). Maximum depths of burial were calculated from the estimated paleotemperatures assuming a geothermal gradient of about 25/sup 0/C/km. Strata of the Silurian of the northern Appalachian basin and of the Ordovician of the Ozark dome are interpreted to have reached maximum burial depths of 5 and 4.3 km, respectively; Devonian strata in the Catskill Mountains of New York had former burial depths of about 6.5 km; Lower Ordovician carbonate sequences of the northern Appalachian basin were buried to more than 7 km; Middle Ordovician strata from the same basin had paleodepths of approximately 5 km, and Devonian strata, 4.5 to 5 km. If these strata were formerly buried much more deeply than previously thought, then unexpectedly large amounts of uplift and erosion, ranging from 4.3 to 7 km, must also have occurred to bring these strata to the present land surface. The occurrence of such large-scale vertical movements of the crust and lithosphere needs to be recognized in paleogeographic reconstructions.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6221620}, journal = {AAPG (Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol.) Bull.; (United States)},
number = ,
volume = 71:5,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1987},
month = {Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1987}
}

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