Effects of in vitro and aerosol exposure to cadmium on phagocytosis by rat pulmonary macrophages
Aerosol exposures of rats were performed to assess the in vivo effects of cadmium on the phagocytosis of latex particles by pulmonary macrophages. An in vitro assay for particle uptake was devised which allowed quantification of phagocytosis by adhering and nonadhering macrophages. In vitro exposure to CdCl/sub 2/ caused dose-dependent decreases in viability (trypan blue exclusion), percentage cells with particles, total number of particles phagocytized, and the ability of the macrophages to adhere to a siliconized glass surface. In vivo effects were studied following 30-min aerosol exposures to 1.5 mg/m/sup 3/ Cd (MMAD = 0.35 ..mu..m, sigma/sub g/ =- 1.45) or 5.0 mg/m/sup 3/ Cd (MMAD = 0.45 ..mu..m, sigma/sub g/ = 1.60) as CdCl/sub 2/. Phagocytic activity in the in vitro test system was increased immediately and at Day 1 in the low exposure group. However, following exposure to 5.0 mg/m/sup 3/ Cd, phagocytic activity was depressed until 8 days postexposure. The results show that cadmium is capable of modifying the phagocytic ability of macrophages in vivo as well as in vitro. Determinations of the total number of particles phagocytized were found to be more sensitive than the percentage of cells phagocytizing in detecting the effects of cadmium exposure. 25 references, 4 figures, 3 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Rochester Medical Center, NY
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76EV03490
- OSTI ID:
- 6135188
- Journal Information:
- Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.; (United States), Vol. 4
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CADMIUM
TOXICITY
LATEX
PHAGOCYTOSIS
MACROPHAGES
ADHESION
VIABILITY
AEROSOLS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
IN VITRO
IN VIVO
LUNGS
RATS
UPTAKE
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BODY
COLLOIDS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DATA
DISPERSIONS
ELASTOMERS
ELEMENTS
INFORMATION
MAMMALS
METALS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
ORGANS
PHAGOCYTES
POLYMERS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
RUBBERS
SOLS
SOMATIC CELLS
VERTEBRATES
560301* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Cells- (-1987)