Outflow of foreign direct investments from the Middle East: cases of Egypt, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia
This study extensively investigated the outflow of FDI from the Middle East (ME), its reasons, its characteristics, its form of ownership, and how it relates and compares with other MNCs in general and TWCs in particular. The comparison primarily focused on: (1) motives for investing abroad, and (2) the criteria used for selecting host countries. The research revealed that ME MNCs, generally, shared many views regarding their motivations and criteria. However, some differences were found to exist between Egyptian firms, on one hand, and Kuwaiti and Saudi firms, on the other hand. These differences were primarily attributed to the differences in the nature of the ownership advantages possessed by each group. The primary advantage of the Kuwaiti and Saudi firms was their capital-surplus positions. The primary advantage of the Egyptian firms was their managerial and marketing skills. ME MNCs were also found to have some similarities, regarding their FDI motivations and criteria, with other TW MNCs. Yet, there were some sharp differences. Again, the nature of the ownership advantages, and the business types, were found to explain these differences.
- Research Organization:
- South Carolina Univ., Columbia (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6105306
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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