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Title: The organic geochemistry of the Alum Shale, Sweden

Abstract

Organic matter in the Alum Shale of Sweden has been affected post-depositionally by irradiation from U decay. Effects include: (1) lowering of kerogen H/C ratios; (2) decrease in amount of extractable bitumen; (3) increased aromaticity. Higher thermal maturity of Alum Shale bitumen than kerogen in Central Sweden suggest bitumen migration into the shale. The thermal immaturity of both Alum Shale bitumen and kerogen in Eastern Sweden (Gotland and Oland) indicate that Gotland's oil has either migrated from an area of higher thermal maturity or is the result of very localized heating, possibly from an igneous intrusion. Zn, Cu and Pb concentrations in asphaltenes from the Alum Shale show an inverse relationship with thermal maturity. Experimental hydrous pyrolysis of Alum Shale suggest that Zn, Cu and, to a lesser extent Pb, are mobile during petroleum generation in both bitumen and brine, whereas U is immobile. Nitrogen in naturally occurring gases from the Alum Shale of Ostergotland, Sweden is atmospheric in origin based on ratios of N{sub 2}/Ar. Helium is derived from the radioactive decay of U-based on He{sub 3} He{sub 4} ratios. {delta}{sup 34}S values of Alum Shale pyrite show a fractionation with coeval seawater of approximately 35 per mil, whichmore » along with high total S concentrations of over 15% in some samples, implies extensive metabolism of organic matter during early diagenesis by sulfate reducing bacteria. Pyrite {delta}{sup 34}S values are lighter than coexisting organic sulfur in the kerogen by an average of near 7 per mil. The difference is believed to be the result of rite formation earlier and at a relatively shallower sediment depth than organo-sulfur compounds due to the greater reactivity of iron with bacterially released hydrogen sulfide than organic matter.« less

Authors:
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
California Univ., Los Angeles, CA (USA)
OSTI Identifier:
5801702
Resource Type:
Miscellaneous
Resource Relation:
Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS; BITUMENS; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; KEROGEN; OIL SHALE DEPOSITS; GEOCHEMISTRY; ORGANIC MATTER; IRRADIATION; SWEDEN; ARGON; AROMATICS; ASPHALTENES; BRINES; COPPER; DECAY; DIAGENESIS; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; GASES; HELIUM; HYDROGEN SULFIDES; ISOTOPE RATIO; LEAD; MATURATION; METHANE; NITROGEN; ORIGIN; PYRITE; PYROLYSIS; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; SULFUR 34; SULFUR CONTENT; URANIUM; ZINC; ACTINIDES; ALKANES; ASPHALTS; BACTERIA; BITUMINOUS MATERIALS; CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS; CHALCOGENIDES; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; CHEMISTRY; DECOMPOSITION; ELEMENTS; EUROPE; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; FLUIDS; GEOLOGIC DEPOSITS; HYDROCARBONS; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS; IRON COMPOUNDS; IRON SULFIDES; ISOTOPES; LIGHT NUCLEI; MASS TRANSFER; MATERIALS; METALS; MICROORGANISMS; MINERAL RESOURCES; MINERALS; NONMETALS; NUCLEI; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; RARE GASES; RESOURCES; SCANDINAVIA; STABLE ISOTOPES; SULFIDE MINERALS; SULFIDES; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; SULFUR ISOTOPES; TAR; THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS; TRANSITION ELEMENTS; WESTERN EUROPE; 040200* - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Reserves, Geology, & Exploration; 040500 - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Properties & Composition

Citation Formats

Dahl, J E.P. The organic geochemistry of the Alum Shale, Sweden. United States: N. p., 1990. Web.
Dahl, J E.P. The organic geochemistry of the Alum Shale, Sweden. United States.
Dahl, J E.P. 1990. "The organic geochemistry of the Alum Shale, Sweden". United States.
@article{osti_5801702,
title = {The organic geochemistry of the Alum Shale, Sweden},
author = {Dahl, J E.P.},
abstractNote = {Organic matter in the Alum Shale of Sweden has been affected post-depositionally by irradiation from U decay. Effects include: (1) lowering of kerogen H/C ratios; (2) decrease in amount of extractable bitumen; (3) increased aromaticity. Higher thermal maturity of Alum Shale bitumen than kerogen in Central Sweden suggest bitumen migration into the shale. The thermal immaturity of both Alum Shale bitumen and kerogen in Eastern Sweden (Gotland and Oland) indicate that Gotland's oil has either migrated from an area of higher thermal maturity or is the result of very localized heating, possibly from an igneous intrusion. Zn, Cu and Pb concentrations in asphaltenes from the Alum Shale show an inverse relationship with thermal maturity. Experimental hydrous pyrolysis of Alum Shale suggest that Zn, Cu and, to a lesser extent Pb, are mobile during petroleum generation in both bitumen and brine, whereas U is immobile. Nitrogen in naturally occurring gases from the Alum Shale of Ostergotland, Sweden is atmospheric in origin based on ratios of N{sub 2}/Ar. Helium is derived from the radioactive decay of U-based on He{sub 3} He{sub 4} ratios. {delta}{sup 34}S values of Alum Shale pyrite show a fractionation with coeval seawater of approximately 35 per mil, which along with high total S concentrations of over 15% in some samples, implies extensive metabolism of organic matter during early diagenesis by sulfate reducing bacteria. Pyrite {delta}{sup 34}S values are lighter than coexisting organic sulfur in the kerogen by an average of near 7 per mil. The difference is believed to be the result of rite formation earlier and at a relatively shallower sediment depth than organo-sulfur compounds due to the greater reactivity of iron with bacterially released hydrogen sulfide than organic matter.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5801702}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1990},
month = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1990}
}

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