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Title: Fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose to ethanol by Erwinia chrysanthemi

Abstract

Erwinia spp. are gram-negative facultative anaerobes within the family Enterobacteriacae which possess several desirable traits for the conversion of pentose sugars to ethanol, such as the ability to ferment a broad range of carbohydrates and the ease with which they can be genetically modified. Twenty-eight strains of Erwinia carotovora and E. chrysanthemi were screened for the ability to ferment D-xylose to ethanol. E. chrysanthemi B374 was chosen for further study on the basis of its superior (4%) ethanol tolerance. They have characterized the fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose by the wild type and mutants which bear plasmids containing the pyruvate decarboxylase gene from Zymomonas mobilis. Expression of the gene markedly increased the yields of ethanol (from 0.7 up to 1.45 mol/mol of xylose) and decreased the yields of formate, acetate, and lactate. However, the cells with pyruvate decarboxylase grew only one-fourth as fast as the wild type and tolerated only 2% ethanol. Alcohol tolerance was stimulated by the addition of yeast extract to the growth medium. Xylose catabolism was characterized by a high saturation constant K/sub s/ (4.5 mM).

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY
OSTI Identifier:
5780741
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 53:9
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
09 BIOMASS FUELS; ARABINOSE; FERMENTATION; BACTERIA; GENE REGULATION; ETHANOL; YIELDS; XYLOSE; DECARBOXYLASES; GENETIC ENGINEERING; GENETIC VARIABILITY; PLASMIDS; ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS; ALCOHOLS; ALDEHYDES; BIOCONVERSION; BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY; CARBOHYDRATES; CARBON-CARBON LYASES; CARBOXY-LYASES; CELL CONSTITUENTS; ENZYMES; HYDROXY COMPOUNDS; LYASES; MICROORGANISMS; MONOSACCHARIDES; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PENTOSES; SACCHARIDES; 090222* - Alcohol Fuels- Preparation from Wastes or Biomass- (1976-1989); 140504 - Solar Energy Conversion- Biomass Production & Conversion- (-1989)

Citation Formats

Tolan, J S, and Finn, R K. Fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose to ethanol by Erwinia chrysanthemi. United States: N. p., 1987. Web.
Tolan, J S, & Finn, R K. Fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose to ethanol by Erwinia chrysanthemi. United States.
Tolan, J S, and Finn, R K. 1987. "Fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose to ethanol by Erwinia chrysanthemi". United States.
@article{osti_5780741,
title = {Fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose to ethanol by Erwinia chrysanthemi},
author = {Tolan, J S and Finn, R K},
abstractNote = {Erwinia spp. are gram-negative facultative anaerobes within the family Enterobacteriacae which possess several desirable traits for the conversion of pentose sugars to ethanol, such as the ability to ferment a broad range of carbohydrates and the ease with which they can be genetically modified. Twenty-eight strains of Erwinia carotovora and E. chrysanthemi were screened for the ability to ferment D-xylose to ethanol. E. chrysanthemi B374 was chosen for further study on the basis of its superior (4%) ethanol tolerance. They have characterized the fermentation of D-xylose and L-arabinose by the wild type and mutants which bear plasmids containing the pyruvate decarboxylase gene from Zymomonas mobilis. Expression of the gene markedly increased the yields of ethanol (from 0.7 up to 1.45 mol/mol of xylose) and decreased the yields of formate, acetate, and lactate. However, the cells with pyruvate decarboxylase grew only one-fourth as fast as the wild type and tolerated only 2% ethanol. Alcohol tolerance was stimulated by the addition of yeast extract to the growth medium. Xylose catabolism was characterized by a high saturation constant K/sub s/ (4.5 mM).},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5780741}, journal = {Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)},
number = ,
volume = 53:9,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1987},
month = {Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1987}
}