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Title: Electrochemistry of molten lithium chlorate and its possible use with lithium in a battery

Abstract

Lithium chlorate, LiClO/sub 3/, has a reported melting point of 127.6 C or 129 C. The specific conductance of molten lithium chlorate is relatively high compared to most electrolytic solutions used at room temperature. Therefore, lithium chlorate offers the chance to operate a new lithium battery system at a temperature between 130 C and 150 C. It is found from experiments that lithium chlorate is stable in the potential range between 3.2 V and 4.6 V relative to a Li reference electrode. A Li-Cl/sub 2/ secondary battery system has an open circuit potential of 3.97 V, making a Li-Cl/sub 2/ secondary battery in molten lithium chlorate, in principle, possible. A lithium-lithium chlorate primary battery system is also possible. Lithium negative electrode performance is hindered by corrosion and possible runaway reactions with LiClO/sub 3/ and dendrite formation on charging. The solubility of Li/sub 2/O and LiCl in LiClO/sub 3/ at 145 C is .000075 mol/cubic cm and .00178 mol/cubic cm, respectively. The diffusion coefficients are 1.5 x 10/sup -7/ cm/sup 2//s for Li/sub 2/O and 3.4 x 10/sup -7/ cm/sup 2//s for LiCl. Platinum appeared to be an inert positive electrode for chlorate, chlorine, or oxygen reactions for short term runs,more » order of several hours. Nickel shows active-passive behavior which is complex. Nickel appears suitable for primary cell, cathodic discharge of LiClO/sub 3/, but it does not appear suitable for a Cl/sub 2/ or O/sub 2/ electrode.« less

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
OSTI Identifier:
5775453
Report Number(s):
AD-A-105968/2
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; LITHIUM-CHLORINE BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; CHLORATES; CORROSION; DIFFUSION; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRODES; ELECTROLYSIS; LITHIUM COMPOUNDS; MELTING POINTS; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; OXYGEN; PLATINUM; REACTION KINETICS; ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; CHEMISTRY; CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; ELECTRIC BATTERIES; ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; ELEMENTS; HALOGEN COMPOUNDS; KINETICS; LYSIS; METAL-GAS BATTERIES; METALS; NONMETALS; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; PLATINUM METALS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS; TRANSITION ELEMENTS; TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; 250901* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Design & Development

Citation Formats

Wang, S S, and Bennion, D N. Electrochemistry of molten lithium chlorate and its possible use with lithium in a battery. United States: N. p., 1980. Web.
Wang, S S, & Bennion, D N. Electrochemistry of molten lithium chlorate and its possible use with lithium in a battery. United States.
Wang, S S, and Bennion, D N. 1980. "Electrochemistry of molten lithium chlorate and its possible use with lithium in a battery". United States.
@article{osti_5775453,
title = {Electrochemistry of molten lithium chlorate and its possible use with lithium in a battery},
author = {Wang, S S and Bennion, D N},
abstractNote = {Lithium chlorate, LiClO/sub 3/, has a reported melting point of 127.6 C or 129 C. The specific conductance of molten lithium chlorate is relatively high compared to most electrolytic solutions used at room temperature. Therefore, lithium chlorate offers the chance to operate a new lithium battery system at a temperature between 130 C and 150 C. It is found from experiments that lithium chlorate is stable in the potential range between 3.2 V and 4.6 V relative to a Li reference electrode. A Li-Cl/sub 2/ secondary battery system has an open circuit potential of 3.97 V, making a Li-Cl/sub 2/ secondary battery in molten lithium chlorate, in principle, possible. A lithium-lithium chlorate primary battery system is also possible. Lithium negative electrode performance is hindered by corrosion and possible runaway reactions with LiClO/sub 3/ and dendrite formation on charging. The solubility of Li/sub 2/O and LiCl in LiClO/sub 3/ at 145 C is .000075 mol/cubic cm and .00178 mol/cubic cm, respectively. The diffusion coefficients are 1.5 x 10/sup -7/ cm/sup 2//s for Li/sub 2/O and 3.4 x 10/sup -7/ cm/sup 2//s for LiCl. Platinum appeared to be an inert positive electrode for chlorate, chlorine, or oxygen reactions for short term runs, order of several hours. Nickel shows active-passive behavior which is complex. Nickel appears suitable for primary cell, cathodic discharge of LiClO/sub 3/, but it does not appear suitable for a Cl/sub 2/ or O/sub 2/ electrode.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5775453}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1980},
month = {Mon Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1980}
}

Technical Report:
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