Ecological foundations of measures to protect the hydrosphere against man-made pollution
General problems of classification of pollutants, development of limits, and protection of the hydrosphere are discussed. Pollutants can be subdivided, first of all, into those involving energy and water. Sound and thermal vibrations, visible light, ultraviolet, and ionizing radiation, as well as shock factors of diverse origin producing breakage, trauma, and death of aquatic organisms are among the ''energy dependent'' pollutants. Man does not create fundamentally new energy-dependent pollutants, but merely adds to those in nature, by producing noise in power plants, shock waves in instantaneous to continuous--intensified or more often reduced, intensifying ultraviolet irradiation by progressive destruction of the ozone layer in the stratosphere, as well as ionizing radiation as a result of nuclear explosions and from nuclear reactors. Radioactive contaminants (fission and induced products) combine the properties of energy- and matter-dependent factors, namely, they are emitters of ionizing radiation and may act as environment-disturbing chemical elements. (JMT)
- Research Organization:
- Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol
- OSTI ID:
- 5740381
- Journal Information:
- Hydrobiol. J. (Engl. Transl.); (United States), Vol. 17:6
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ENERGY FACILITIES
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
POLLUTANTS
CLASSIFICATION
WATER POLLUTION
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MONITORING
NOISE
POWER PLANTS
RECOMMENDATIONS
SENSITIVITY
SHOCK WAVES
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
ECOSYSTEMS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
POLLUTION
RADIATIONS
RECOVERY
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