The Pleistocene biogeography of eastern North America: A nonmigration scenario for deciduous forest
Abstract
The current reconstruction of the vegetation of eastern North America at the last glacial maximum postulates a very wide zone of tundra and boreal forest south of the ice. This reconstruction requires that the deciduous forest retreated far to the south. The authors believe that this reconstruction is seriously in error. Geologic evidence for glacial activity or tundra is absent from the southern Appalachians. Positive evidence for boreal forest is based on pollen identifications for Picea, Betula, and Pinus, when in reality southern members of these genera have pollen that cannot be distinguished from that of northern members. Further, pollen of typical southern species such as oaks and hickories occurs throughout profiles that past authors had labeled boreal. Pollen evidence for a far southern deciduous forest refuge is lacking. Data on endemics are particularly challenging for the scenario in which deciduous forest migrated to the south and back. The southern Appalachian region is rife with endemics that are often extreme-habitat specialists unable to migrate. The previously glaciated zone is almost completely lacking in endemics. Outlier populations, range boundaries, and absence of certain hybrids all argue against a large boreal zone. The new reconstruction postulates a cold zone no more thanmore »
- Authors:
-
- Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Environmental Research Div.
- Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Botany
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Research, Washington, DC (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 564104
- Report Number(s):
- ANL/ER/PP-90468
ON: DE97008109; TRN: AHC29804%%62
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-31109-ENG-38
- Resource Type:
- Technical Report
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: [1998]
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; FORESTS; CLIMATIC CHANGE; NORTH AMERICA; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; NUMERICAL DATA; POPULATION DYNAMICS; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; PLEISTOCENE EPOCH
Citation Formats
Loehle, C, and Iltis, H. The Pleistocene biogeography of eastern North America: A nonmigration scenario for deciduous forest. United States: N. p., 1998.
Web. doi:10.2172/564104.
Loehle, C, & Iltis, H. The Pleistocene biogeography of eastern North America: A nonmigration scenario for deciduous forest. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/564104
Loehle, C, and Iltis, H. 1998.
"The Pleistocene biogeography of eastern North America: A nonmigration scenario for deciduous forest". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/564104. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/564104.
@article{osti_564104,
title = {The Pleistocene biogeography of eastern North America: A nonmigration scenario for deciduous forest},
author = {Loehle, C and Iltis, H},
abstractNote = {The current reconstruction of the vegetation of eastern North America at the last glacial maximum postulates a very wide zone of tundra and boreal forest south of the ice. This reconstruction requires that the deciduous forest retreated far to the south. The authors believe that this reconstruction is seriously in error. Geologic evidence for glacial activity or tundra is absent from the southern Appalachians. Positive evidence for boreal forest is based on pollen identifications for Picea, Betula, and Pinus, when in reality southern members of these genera have pollen that cannot be distinguished from that of northern members. Further, pollen of typical southern species such as oaks and hickories occurs throughout profiles that past authors had labeled boreal. Pollen evidence for a far southern deciduous forest refuge is lacking. Data on endemics are particularly challenging for the scenario in which deciduous forest migrated to the south and back. The southern Appalachian region is rife with endemics that are often extreme-habitat specialists unable to migrate. The previously glaciated zone is almost completely lacking in endemics. Outlier populations, range boundaries, and absence of certain hybrids all argue against a large boreal zone. The new reconstruction postulates a cold zone no more than 75--100 miles wide south of the ice in the East.},
doi = {10.2172/564104},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/564104},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Dec 31 00:00:00 EST 1998},
month = {Thu Dec 31 00:00:00 EST 1998}
}