Effects of water temperature on the toxicity of 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol to developing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse, WI (United States). National Fisheries Research Center
- Environmental Research Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL (United States). Environmental Protection Agency
Early-life-stage (ELS) toxicity tests were conducted to determine the effect of selected water temperature on the toxicity of 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). NOECs were determined for growth and mortality at selected time intervals and water temperatures of 7, 12, and 17 C. As tests progressed, NOECs leveled to constant time-independent values that were similar for tests at each temperature. In 4-nitrophenol tests, the time-independent NOEC values at 7, 12, and 17 C, respectively, were 1.16, 1.20, and 1.16 mg/L for growth and 3.40, 3.38, and 2.20 mg/L for mortality. For 2,4-dinitrophenol, time-independent NOEC values at 7, 12, and 17 C, respectively, were 1.07, 0.50, and 0.80 mg/L for growth and 1.30, 1.89, and 1.60 mg/L for mortality. Temperature did, however, affect the rate at which time-independent NOECs were reached. More time was required to reach time-independent NOECs as temperature decreased. For example, the time-independent NOEC in 4-nitrophenol tests at 17 C was reached in 14 d, whereas it required 42 d at 7 C. The effect of temperature on toxicity must be considered in hazard assessment protocols to assess risk accurately and protect aquatic organisms adequately. Chronic toxicity tests are necessary to assess risk because acute toxicity tests cannot provide the information necessary to predict the long-term effects of factors such as temperature in natural environments.
- OSTI ID:
- 5438032
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States), Vol. 13:1; ISSN 0730-7268
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
DINITROPHENOL
TOXICITY
NITROPHENOL
TROUT
SENSITIVITY
WATER POLLUTION
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
AROMATICS
FISHES
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
NITRO COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
POLLUTION
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology