Molecular cloning of the akt oncogene and its human homologues AKT1 and AKT2: amplification of AKT1 in a primary human gastric adenocarcinoma
A previous report described the isolation of a directly transforming retrovirus, AKT8, from a spontaneous thymoma of an AKR mouse. The AKT8 provirus has now been molecularly cloned from a transformed, nonproducer cell line. The virus genome contains both viral and nonviral, cell-related sequences; the nonviral sequence has been designated v-akt, the presumed viral oncogene of the AKT8 virus. This gene lacks homology to the 16 other oncogenes tested. The cloned provirus has undergone a partial deletion, during cell passage in vitro, that prevents direct demonstration of the transforming ability of this molecular clone. Two human homologues of the v-akt oncogene, AKT1 and AKT2, were cloned. A survey of 225 human tumors for changes involving ATK1 led to the discovery of a 20-fold amplification of this gene in one of the five gastric adenocarcinomas tested. The results demonstrate that AKT8 has the characteristic structure of a directly transforming retrovirus and that it contains a gene derived from highly conserved cellular sequences that may be involved in the pathogenesis of some human malignancies.
- Research Organization:
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5297700
- Journal Information:
- Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.; (United States), Vol. 84:14
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
DNA
AUTORADIOGRAPHY
ONCOGENES
DNA-CLONING
GENE AMPLIFICATION
CARCINOGENESIS
CARCINOMAS
ELECTROPHORESIS
MAN
MICE
PHOSPHORUS 32
VIRUSES
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CLONING
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DISEASES
GENES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MAMMALS
MICROORGANISMS
NEOPLASMS
NUCLEI
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PARASITES
PATHOGENESIS
PHOSPHORUS ISOTOPES
PRIMATES
RADIOISOTOPES
RODENTS
VERTEBRATES
550201* - Biochemistry- Tracer Techniques
550601 - Medicine- Unsealed Radionuclides in Diagnostics