Potential usefulness of biological markers in risk assessment
Substantial data have been generated during the last 5 years in experimental systems and human populations which shed light on the potential usefulness of biological markers in human cancer risk assessment. Following a brief review of overall progress to date in the biomonitoring of human populations, this paper turns to the growing body of data regarding carcinogen-DNA and protein adducts as illustrative markers of biologically effective dose of carcinogens. The data base illustrates considerable human interindividual variation in binding and the presence of significant background levels of adducts-both of which support the absence of human population thresholds for exposure to carcinogens. The contribution of adduct data to our understanding of the shape of low-dose-response curve and the reliability of interspecies extrapolation, as well as the relevance of adducts to cancer risk, are also discussed. Even though adducts can now be useful in hazard identification or qualitative risk assessment,more research is needed before they can serve as quantitative predictors of human cancer risk.
- Research Organization:
- Columbia Univ. School of Public Health, New York, NY (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5101729
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Health Perspect.; (United States), Vol. 76
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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EVALUATION
CARCINOGENESIS
RISK ASSESSMENT
CARCINOGENS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
AFLATOXIN
BENZOPYRENE
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
DNA ADDUCTS
DNA REPAIR
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MAN
METALS
PERSONNEL
PLATINUM COMPOUNDS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
VINYL CHLORIDE
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BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
ELEMENTS
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
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MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MUTATIONS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
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