Skeletal stem cell and bone implant interactions are enhanced by LASER titanium modification

Journal Article · Fri May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BBRC.2015.10.013· OSTI ID:22596374

Andrés, María C. de; Johnston, David ^[1]; Almeida-Filho, Edson; Guastaldi, Antonio C. ^[2]; Oreffo, Richard O.C. ^[1]

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1. Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD (United Kingdom)
2. Biomaterials Group, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Box 355, Araraquara (Brazil)

Purpose: To evaluate the osteo-regenerative potential of Titanium (Ti) modified by Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) beam (Yb-YAG) upon culture with human Skeletal Stem Cells (hSSCs{sup 1}). Methods: Human skeletal cell populations were isolated from the bone marrow of haematologically normal patients undergoing primary total hip replacement following appropriate consent. STRO-1{sup +} hSSC{sup 1} function was examined for 10 days across four groups using Ti discs: i) machined Ti surface group in basal media (Mb{sup 2}), ii) machined Ti surface group in osteogenic media (Mo{sup 3}), iii) LASER-modified Ti group in basal media (Lb{sup 4}) and, iv) LASER-modified Ti group in osteogenic media (Lo{sup 5}). Molecular analysis and qRT-PCR as well as functional analysis including biochemistry (DNA, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP{sup 6}) specific activity), live/dead immunostaining (Cell Tracker Green (CTG{sup 7})/Ethidium Homodimer-1 (EH-1{sup 8})), and fluorescence staining (for vinculin and phalloidin) were undertaken. Inverted, confocal and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) approaches were used to characterise cell adherence, proliferation, and phenotype. Results: Enhanced cell spreading and morphological rearrangement, including focal adhesions were observed following culture of hSSCs{sup 1} on LASER surfaces in both basal and osteogenic conditions. Biochemical analysis demonstrated enhanced ALP{sup 6} specific activity on the hSSCs{sup 1}-seeded on LASER-modified surface in basal culture media. Molecular analysis demonstrated enhanced ALP{sup 6} and osteopontin expression on titanium LASER treated surfaces in basal conditions. SEM, inverted microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed extensive proliferation and migration of human bone marrow stromal cells on all surfaces evaluated. Conclusions: LASER-modified Ti surfaces modify the behaviour of hSSCs.{sup 1} In particular, SSC{sup 1} adhesion, osteogenic gene expression, cell morphology and cytoskeleton structure were affected. The current studies show Ti LASER modification can enhance the osseointegration between Ti and skeletal cells, with important implications for orthopaedic application. - Highlights: • Bone stem cells on LASER Ti surface display enhanced cell growth and viability. • Bone stem cells on LASER Ti surface exhibit marked biocompatibility. • Human bone stem cells on LASER Ti surface exhibit altered morphology. • LASER Ti enhance osteogenic differentiation of human bone skeletal stem cells. • LASER Ti provides a unique approach to enhance osseointegration with the material.

• OSTI ID: 22596374
• Journal Information: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 473, Issue 3; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0006-291X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
BIOCHEMISTRY
BONE MARROW
CELL PROLIFERATION
CULTURE MEDIA
ELECTRON SCANNING
FLUORESCENCE
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
IMPLANTS
MICROTUBULES
MORPHOLOGY
NEODYMIUM LASERS
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SKELETON
STEM CELLS
STIMULATED EMISSION
TITANIUM