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Title: Evolution of grain boundary conduction with increasing temperature in pure and Ti doped Co ferrite materials

Abstract

We report on the structural, temperature, and frequency dependent impedance studies of Ti doped cobalt ferrite material (CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4}) in comparison with the pure CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}. XRD and Raman spectroscopy studies confirm the inverse spinel crystallization of the materials with space group of Fd-3 m. Scanning electron microscope images shows the microcrystalline nature of the particles. Homogeneity, stoichiometry, and ionic states of the ions in the composition were confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies. Temperature and frequency dependent real (Z′) and imaginary (Z″) part of the impedance shows the existence of relaxation processes and their distribution in CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4} materials. Complex impedance spectroscopy studies at low temperatures shows that the conductivity in these materials is predominantly due to the intrinsic bulk grains. With increasing the temperature, evolution of grain boundary conduction is clearly seen through the appearance of a second semi-circle in the complex impedance plots. Room temperature total dc conductivity of both CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4} materials is found to be 5.78 × 10{sup −8} and 1.61 × 10{sup −7} S/cm, respectively. Temperature variation of dc electrical conductivity follows the Arrhenius relationship and the activation energiesmore » for CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} corresponding to grain (0.55 eV for CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}), grain boundary (0.52 eV), and total conduction (0.54 eV) are discussed. Observation of well distinguishable grain and grain boundary conductions and the low conductivity values in CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4} materials indicates that these materials are promising candidates for the high frequency applications.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
  1. Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046 (India)
  2. Advanced Magnetic Materials Laboratory (AMMLa), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036 (India)
  3. Theiss Research, La Jolla, California 92037 (United States)
  4. Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai-625002 (India)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22489494
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 118; Journal Issue: 11; Other Information: (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; ACTIVATION ENERGY; COBALT OXIDES; CRYSTALLIZATION; DOPED MATERIALS; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; FERRITES; FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE; GRAIN BOUNDARIES; PARTICLES; PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; RELAXATION; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SPACE GROUPS; STOICHIOMETRY; X RADIATION; X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Citation Formats

Vaithyanathan, V., Patro, L. N., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com, Kodam, Ugendar, Tan, H., Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, Inbanathan, S. S. R., Kamala Bharathi, K., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742. Evolution of grain boundary conduction with increasing temperature in pure and Ti doped Co ferrite materials. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4930589.
Vaithyanathan, V., Patro, L. N., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com, Kodam, Ugendar, Tan, H., Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, Inbanathan, S. S. R., Kamala Bharathi, K., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com, & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742. Evolution of grain boundary conduction with increasing temperature in pure and Ti doped Co ferrite materials. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930589
Vaithyanathan, V., Patro, L. N., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com, Kodam, Ugendar, Tan, H., Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, Inbanathan, S. S. R., Kamala Bharathi, K., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742. 2015. "Evolution of grain boundary conduction with increasing temperature in pure and Ti doped Co ferrite materials". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930589.
@article{osti_22489494,
title = {Evolution of grain boundary conduction with increasing temperature in pure and Ti doped Co ferrite materials},
author = {Vaithyanathan, V. and Patro, L. N., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com and Kodam, Ugendar and Tan, H. and Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 and Inbanathan, S. S. R. and Kamala Bharathi, K., E-mail: laxminar@chemie.uni-marburg.de, E-mail: kkamalabharathi@gmail.com and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742},
abstractNote = {We report on the structural, temperature, and frequency dependent impedance studies of Ti doped cobalt ferrite material (CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4}) in comparison with the pure CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}. XRD and Raman spectroscopy studies confirm the inverse spinel crystallization of the materials with space group of Fd-3 m. Scanning electron microscope images shows the microcrystalline nature of the particles. Homogeneity, stoichiometry, and ionic states of the ions in the composition were confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies. Temperature and frequency dependent real (Z′) and imaginary (Z″) part of the impedance shows the existence of relaxation processes and their distribution in CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4} materials. Complex impedance spectroscopy studies at low temperatures shows that the conductivity in these materials is predominantly due to the intrinsic bulk grains. With increasing the temperature, evolution of grain boundary conduction is clearly seen through the appearance of a second semi-circle in the complex impedance plots. Room temperature total dc conductivity of both CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4} materials is found to be 5.78 × 10{sup −8} and 1.61 × 10{sup −7} S/cm, respectively. Temperature variation of dc electrical conductivity follows the Arrhenius relationship and the activation energies for CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} corresponding to grain (0.55 eV for CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}), grain boundary (0.52 eV), and total conduction (0.54 eV) are discussed. Observation of well distinguishable grain and grain boundary conductions and the low conductivity values in CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 1.95}Ti{sub 0.05}O{sub 4} materials indicates that these materials are promising candidates for the high frequency applications.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4930589},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22489494}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
issn = {0021-8979},
number = 11,
volume = 118,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Sep 21 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Mon Sep 21 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}