Rapid, all-optical crystal orientation imaging of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) atomic materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted significant research and industrial interest for their electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties. While large-area crystal growth techniques such as chemical vapor deposition have been demonstrated, the presence of grain boundaries and orientation of grains arising in such growths substantially affect the physical properties of the materials. There is currently no scalable characterization method for determining these boundaries and orientations over a large sample area. We here present a second-harmonic generation based microscopy technique for rapidly mapping grain orientations and boundaries of 2D TMDCs. We experimentally demonstrate the capability to map large samples to an angular resolution of ±1° with minimal sample preparation and without involved analysis. A direct comparison of the all-optical grain orientation maps against results obtained by diffraction-filtered dark-field transmission electron microscopy plus selected-area electron diffraction on identical TMDC samples is provided. This rapid and accurate tool should enable large-area characterization of TMDC samples for expedited studies of grain boundary effects and the efficient characterization of industrial-scale production techniques.
- Authors:
-
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 (United States)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 (United States)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 (United States)
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), University of California, Berkeley 3112 Etcheverry Hall, UC Berkeley, California 94720 (United States)
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (United States)
- Publication Date:
- OSTI Identifier:
- 22482076
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal Name:
- Applied Physics Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 107; Journal Issue: 11; Other Information: (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; GRAIN BOUNDARIES; GRAIN ORIENTATION; GRAPHENE; RESOLUTION; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; TRANSITION ELEMENTS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TWO-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS
Citation Formats
David, Sabrina N., Zhai, Yao, Zande, Arend M. van der, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, O'Brien, Kevin, Huang, Pinshane Y., Chenet, Daniel A., Hone, James C., Zhang, Xiang, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, Yin, Xiaobo, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309. Rapid, all-optical crystal orientation imaging of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4930232.
David, Sabrina N., Zhai, Yao, Zande, Arend M. van der, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, O'Brien, Kevin, Huang, Pinshane Y., Chenet, Daniel A., Hone, James C., Zhang, Xiang, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, Yin, Xiaobo, & Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309. Rapid, all-optical crystal orientation imaging of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930232
David, Sabrina N., Zhai, Yao, Zande, Arend M. van der, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, O'Brien, Kevin, Huang, Pinshane Y., Chenet, Daniel A., Hone, James C., Zhang, Xiang, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, Yin, Xiaobo, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309. 2015.
"Rapid, all-optical crystal orientation imaging of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930232.
@article{osti_22482076,
title = {Rapid, all-optical crystal orientation imaging of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers},
author = {David, Sabrina N. and Zhai, Yao and Zande, Arend M. van der and Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 and O'Brien, Kevin and Huang, Pinshane Y. and Chenet, Daniel A. and Hone, James C. and Zhang, Xiang and Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720 and Yin, Xiaobo and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309},
abstractNote = {Two-dimensional (2D) atomic materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted significant research and industrial interest for their electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties. While large-area crystal growth techniques such as chemical vapor deposition have been demonstrated, the presence of grain boundaries and orientation of grains arising in such growths substantially affect the physical properties of the materials. There is currently no scalable characterization method for determining these boundaries and orientations over a large sample area. We here present a second-harmonic generation based microscopy technique for rapidly mapping grain orientations and boundaries of 2D TMDCs. We experimentally demonstrate the capability to map large samples to an angular resolution of ±1° with minimal sample preparation and without involved analysis. A direct comparison of the all-optical grain orientation maps against results obtained by diffraction-filtered dark-field transmission electron microscopy plus selected-area electron diffraction on identical TMDC samples is provided. This rapid and accurate tool should enable large-area characterization of TMDC samples for expedited studies of grain boundary effects and the efficient characterization of industrial-scale production techniques.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4930232},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22482076},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
issn = {0003-6951},
number = 11,
volume = 107,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Sep 14 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Mon Sep 14 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Synthesis of Large-Area MoS2 Atomic Layers with Chemical Vapor Deposition
journal, March 2012
- Lee, Yi-Hsien; Zhang, Xin-Quan; Zhang, Wenjing
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 17, p. 2320-2325
Point Group Symmetry Determination via Observables Revealed by Polarized Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy: (1) Theory
journal, July 2012
- van der Veen, Monique A.; Vermoortele, Frederik; De Vos, Dirk E.
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 84, Issue 15
MoS2 Nanoparticles Grown on Graphene An Advanced Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
journal, May 2011
- Li, Yanguang; Wang, Hailiang; Xie, Liming
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 19, p. 7296-7299
Mechanical and Electronic Properties of MoS 2 Nanoribbons and Their Defects
journal, February 2011
- Ataca, C.; Şahin, H.; Aktürk, E.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 10
Probing Symmetry Properties of Few-Layer MoS 2 and h-BN by Optical Second-Harmonic Generation
journal, June 2013
- Li, Yilei; Rao, Yi; Mak, Kin Fai
- Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 7
Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS2
journal, April 2010
- Splendiani, Andrea; Sun, Liang; Zhang, Yuanbo
- Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 4, p. 1271-1275
Stretching and Breaking of Ultrathin MoS 2
journal, November 2011
- Bertolazzi, Simone; Brivio, Jacopo; Kis, Andras
- ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 12
Technique for the Dry Transfer of Epitaxial Graphene onto Arbitrary Substrates
journal, January 2010
- Caldwell, Joshua D.; Anderson, Travis J.; Culbertson, James C.
- ACS Nano, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes
journal, January 2009
- Kim, Keun Soo; Zhao, Yue; Jang, Houk
- Nature, Vol. 457, Issue 7230
Grains and grain boundaries in single-layer graphene atomic patchwork quilts
journal, January 2011
- Huang, Pinshane Y.; Ruiz-Vargas, Carlos S.; van der Zande, Arend M.
- Nature, Vol. 469, Issue 7330, p. 389-392
Probing graphene grain boundaries with optical microscopy
journal, October 2012
- Duong, Dinh Loc; Han, Gang Hee; Lee, Seung Mi
- Nature, Vol. 490, Issue 7419
Valley-selective circular dichroism of monolayer molybdenum disulphide
journal, January 2012
- Cao, Ting; Wang, Gang; Han, Wenpeng
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Strain and structure heterogeneity in MoS2 atomic layers grown by chemical vapour deposition
journal, November 2014
- Liu, Zheng; Amani, Matin; Najmaei, Sina
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Grains and grain boundaries in highly crystalline monolayer molybdenum disulphide
journal, May 2013
- van der Zande, Arend M.; Huang, Pinshane Y.; Chenet, Daniel A.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 6, p. 554-561
Vapour phase growth and grain boundary structure of molybdenum disulphide atomic layers
journal, June 2013
- Najmaei, Sina; Liu, Zheng; Zhou, Wu
- Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 8, p. 754-759
Single-layer MoS2 transistors
journal, January 2011
- Radisavljevic, B.; Radenovic, A.; Brivio, J.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 3, p. 147-150
Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping
journal, June 2012
- Zeng, Hualing; Dai, Junfeng; Yao, Wang
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 8
A direct transfer of layer-area graphene
journal, March 2010
- Regan, William; Alem, Nasim; Alemán, Benjamín
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 11
Phonon thermal conductivity of monolayer MoS 2 sheet and nanoribbons
journal, September 2013
- Liu, Xiangjun; Zhang, Gang; Pei, Qing-Xiang
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 13
Valley-dependent optoelectronics from inversion symmetry breaking
journal, June 2008
- Yao, Wang; Xiao, Di; Niu, Qian
- Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 23
Electronic structure of two-dimensional crystals from ab initio theory
journal, March 2009
- Lebègue, S.; Eriksson, O.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 11
Polar catastrophe and electronic reconstructions at the interface: Evidence from optical second harmonic generation
journal, August 2009
- Savoia, A.; Paparo, D.; Perna, P.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 80, Issue 7
Second harmonic microscopy of monolayer MoS
journal, April 2013
- Kumar, Nardeep; Najmaei, Sina; Cui, Qiannan
- Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 16
Atomically Thin A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor
journal, September 2010
- Mak, Kin Fai; Lee, Changgu; Hone, James
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 13, Article No.136805
Study of Si(111) Surfaces by Optical Second-Harmonic Generation: Reconstruction and Surface Phase Transformation
journal, January 1985
- Heinz, T. F.; Loy, M. M. T.; Thompson, W. A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 54, Issue 1
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
journal, July 2008
- Lee, C.; Wei, X.; Kysar, J. W.
- Science, Vol. 321, Issue 5887, p. 385-388
Anomalous Strength Characteristics of Tilt Grain Boundaries in Graphene
journal, November 2010
- Grantab, R.; Shenoy, V. B.; Ruoff, R. S.
- Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6006, p. 946-948
Tailoring Electrical Transport Across Grain Boundaries in Polycrystalline Graphene
journal, May 2012
- Tsen, A. W.; Brown, L.; Levendorf, M. P.
- Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6085
High-Strength Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Graphene and Grain Boundaries
journal, May 2013
- Lee, G. -H.; Cooper, R. C.; An, S. J.
- Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6136
Edge Nonlinear Optics on a MoS2 Atomic Monolayer
journal, May 2014
- Yin, X.; Ye, Z.; Chenet, D. A.
- Science, Vol. 344, Issue 6183
The rise of graphene
book, August 2009
- Rodgers, Peter; Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S.
- Nanoscience and Technology: A Collection of Reviews from Nature Journals, p. 11-19
The rise of graphene
journal, March 2007
- Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 3, p. 183-191
Valley Dependent Optoelectronics from Inversion Symmetry Breaking
text, January 2007
- Yao, Wang; Xiao, Di; Niu, Qian
- arXiv
Vapor Phase Growth and Grain Boundary Structure of Molybdenum Disulfide Atomic Layers
text, January 2013
- Najmaei, Sina; Liu, Zheng; Zhou, Wu
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Plasmonic Enhancement and Manipulation of Optical Nonlinearity in Monolayer Tungsten Disulfide
journal, August 2018
- Shi, Jinwei; Liang, Wei-Yun; Raja, Soniya S.
- Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 12, Issue 10
Ultrahigh-resolution nonlinear optical imaging of the armchair orientation in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, January 2018
- Psilodimitrakopoulos, Sotiris; Mouchliadis, Leonidas; Paradisanos, Ioannis
- Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 7, Issue 5
Twist Angle mapping in layered WS2 by Polarization-Resolved Second Harmonic Generation
journal, October 2019
- Psilodimitrakopoulos, Sotiris; Mouchliadis, Leonidas; Paradisanos, Ioannis
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Supercontinuum second harmonic generation spectroscopy of atomically thin semiconductors
journal, August 2019
- Stiehm, Torsten; Schneider, Robert; Kern, Johannes
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 8
Strain transfer across grain boundaries in MoS 2 monolayers grown by chemical vapor deposition
journal, April 2018
- Niehues, Iris; Blob, Anna; Stiehm, Torsten
- 2D Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 3
Hybrid Three-Dimensional Spiral WSe 2 Plasmonic Structures for Highly Efficient Second-Order Nonlinear Parametric Processes
journal, December 2018
- Lin, Xianqing; Liu, Yingying; Wang, Kang
- Research, Vol. 2018
Controlling second-harmonic diffraction by nano-patterning MoS 2 monolayers
journal, January 2019
- Löchner, Franz J. F.; Mupparapu, Rajeshkumar; Steinert, Michael
- Optics Express, Vol. 27, Issue 24
Twist Angle mapping in layered WS2 by Polarization-Resolved Second Harmonic Generation
preprint, January 2019
- Psilodimitrakopoulos, Sotiris; Mouchliadis, Leonidas; Paradisanos, Ioannis
- arXiv
Twist Angle mapping in layered WS2 by Polarization-Resolved Second Harmonic Generation
journal, October 2019
- Psilodimitrakopoulos, Sotiris; Mouchliadis, Leonidas; Paradisanos, Ioannis
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Hybrid Three-Dimensional Spiral WSe 2 Plasmonic Structures for Highly Efficient Second-Order Nonlinear Parametric Processes
journal, December 2018
- Lin, Xianqing; Liu, Yingying; Wang, Kang
- Research, Vol. 2018