Cadmium, type 2 diabetes, and kidney damage in a cohort of middle-aged women

Barregard, Lars; Bergström, Göran; Fagerberg, Björn

doi:10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.017

Title: Cadmium, type 2 diabetes, and kidney damage in a cohort of middle-aged women

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Abstract

Background: It has been proposed that diabetic patients are more sensitive to the nephrotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) compared to non-diabetics, but few studies have examined this in humans, and results are inconsistent. Aim: To test the hypothesis that women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) have higher risk of kidney damage from cadmium compared to women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods: All 64-year-old women in Gothenburg, Sweden, were invited to a screening examination including repeated oral glucose tolerance tests. Random samples of women with DM, IGT, and NGT were recruited for further clinical examinations. Serum creatinine was measured and used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Albumin (Alb) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were analyzed in a 12 h urine sample. Cadmium in blood (B-Cd) and urine (U-Cd) was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Associations between markers of kidney function (eGFR, Alb, and RBP) and quartiles of B-Cd and U-Cd were evaluated in models, including also blood pressure and smoking habits. Results: The mean B-Cd (n=590) was 0.53 µg/L (median 0.34 µg/L). In multivariable models, a significant interaction was seen between high B-Cd (upper quartile, >0.56 µg/L) and DM (point estimate +0.40more »« less

Authors:

Barregard, Lars ^[1]; Bergström, Göran ^[2]; Fagerberg, Björn ^[2]

Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg P.O. Box 414, SE-405 30 Gothenburg (Sweden)
Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-405 30 Gothenburg (Sweden)

Publication Date:: Sat Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2014

OSTI Identifier:: 22447554

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Environmental Research

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 135; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0013-9351

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; ALBUMINS; BLOOD; CADMIUM; CREATININE; DECARBOXYLASES; DIABETES MELLITUS; ELDERLY PEOPLE; EXCRETION; FILTRATION; GLUCOSE; GLUTAMIC ACID; HEMOGLOBIN; ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY; INSULIN; KIDNEYS; MAGNESIUM 40; URINE; VITAMIN A; WOMEN

Citation Formats


                    Barregard, Lars, Bergström, Göran, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Fagerberg, Björn, and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg. Cadmium, type 2 diabetes, and kidney damage in a cohort of middle-aged women.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
        Web.  doi:10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.017.

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                    Barregard, Lars, Bergström, Göran, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Fagerberg, Björn, & Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg. Cadmium, type 2 diabetes, and kidney damage in a cohort of middle-aged women.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.017

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                    Barregard, Lars, Bergström, Göran, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Fagerberg, Björn, and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg. 2014.  
        "Cadmium, type 2 diabetes, and kidney damage in a cohort of middle-aged women".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.017.

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@article{osti_22447554,

  title        = {Cadmium, type 2 diabetes, and kidney damage in a cohort of middle-aged women},

  author       = {Barregard, Lars and Bergström, Göran and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg and Fagerberg, Björn and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg},

  abstractNote = {Background: It has been proposed that diabetic patients are more sensitive to the nephrotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) compared to non-diabetics, but few studies have examined this in humans, and results are inconsistent. Aim: To test the hypothesis that women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) have higher risk of kidney damage from cadmium compared to women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods: All 64-year-old women in Gothenburg, Sweden, were invited to a screening examination including repeated oral glucose tolerance tests. Random samples of women with DM, IGT, and NGT were recruited for further clinical examinations. Serum creatinine was measured and used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Albumin (Alb) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were analyzed in a 12 h urine sample. Cadmium in blood (B-Cd) and urine (U-Cd) was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Associations between markers of kidney function (eGFR, Alb, and RBP) and quartiles of B-Cd and U-Cd were evaluated in models, including also blood pressure and smoking habits. Results: The mean B-Cd (n=590) was 0.53 µg/L (median 0.34 µg/L). In multivariable models, a significant interaction was seen between high B-Cd (upper quartile, >0.56 µg/L) and DM (point estimate +0.40 mg Alb/12 h, P=0.04). In stratified analyzes, the effect of high B-Cd on Alb excretion was significant in women with DM (53% higher Alb/12 h, P=0.03), but not in women with IGT or NGT. Models with urinary albumin adjusted for creatinine showed similar results. In women with DM, the multivariable odds ratio (OR) for microalbuminuria (>15 mg/12 h) was increased in the highest quartile of B-Cd vs. B-Cd quartiles 1–3 in women with DM (OR 4.2, 95% confidence interval 1.1–12). No such effect was found in women with IGT or NGT. There were no associations between B-Cd and eGFR or excretion of RBP, and no differences between women with DM, IGT, or NGT regarding effect of B-Cd on eGFR or RBP. Conclusion: The present study provides support for the hypothesis that women with DM have higher risk of renal glomerular damage from cadmium exposure compared to women without DM. - Highlights: • Cadmium in blood, kidney function, and glucose tolerance was examined in 590 women. • Blood cadmium was associated with albumin excretion in women with type 2 diabetes. • No such associations with cadmium were found in women without diabetes. • Women with type 2 diabetes have increased sensitivity to kidney damage from cadmium.},

  doi          = {10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.017},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22447554},
  journal      = {Environmental Research},

  issn         = {0013-9351},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 135,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2014},

  month        = {Sat Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2014}

}

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