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Title: Up-regulation of cholesterol associated genes as novel resistance mechanism in glioblastoma cells in response to archazolid B

Abstract

Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive lethal brain tumor, represents a great challenge. Despite decades of research, the survival prognosis of GBM patients is unfavorable and more effective therapeutics are sorely required. Archazolid B, a potent vacuolar H{sup +}-ATPase inhibitor influencing cellular pH values, is a promising new compound exerting cytotoxicity in the nanomolar range on wild-type U87MG glioblastoma cells and U87MG.∆EGFR cells transfected with a mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Gene expression profiling using microarray technology showed that archazolid B caused drastic disturbances in cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol, a main component of cellular membranes, is known to be essential for GBM growth and cells bearing EGFRvIII mutation are highly dependent on exogenous cholesterol. Archazolid B caused excessive accumulation of free cholesterol within intracellular compartments thus depleting cellular cholesterol and leading to up-regulation of SREBP targeted genes, including LDLR and HMGCR, the key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. This cholesterol response is considered to be a novel resistance mechanism induced by archazolid B. We surmise that re-elevation of cholesterol levels in archazolid B treated cells may be mediated by newly synthesized cholesterol, since the drug leads to endosomal/lysosomal malfunction and cholesterol accumulation.

Authors:
;  [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz (Germany)
  2. Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken (Germany)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22439911
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 281; Journal Issue: 1; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0041-008X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; BIOSYNTHESIS; BRAIN; CHOLESTEROL; CONCENTRATION RATIO; DRUGS; ENZYMES; GENES; GLIOMAS; GROWTH FACTORS; HAMSTERS; HOMEOSTASIS; HYDROGEN IONS 1 PLUS; MEMBRANES; MICROARRAY TECHNOLOGY; MUTANTS; MUTATIONS; OVARIES; RECEPTORS; TOXICITY

Citation Formats

Hamm, Rebecca, Zeino, Maen, Frewert, Simon, and Efferth, Thomas. Up-regulation of cholesterol associated genes as novel resistance mechanism in glioblastoma cells in response to archazolid B. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1016/J.TAAP.2014.08.033.
Hamm, Rebecca, Zeino, Maen, Frewert, Simon, & Efferth, Thomas. Up-regulation of cholesterol associated genes as novel resistance mechanism in glioblastoma cells in response to archazolid B. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TAAP.2014.08.033
Hamm, Rebecca, Zeino, Maen, Frewert, Simon, and Efferth, Thomas. 2014. "Up-regulation of cholesterol associated genes as novel resistance mechanism in glioblastoma cells in response to archazolid B". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TAAP.2014.08.033.
@article{osti_22439911,
title = {Up-regulation of cholesterol associated genes as novel resistance mechanism in glioblastoma cells in response to archazolid B},
author = {Hamm, Rebecca and Zeino, Maen and Frewert, Simon and Efferth, Thomas},
abstractNote = {Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive lethal brain tumor, represents a great challenge. Despite decades of research, the survival prognosis of GBM patients is unfavorable and more effective therapeutics are sorely required. Archazolid B, a potent vacuolar H{sup +}-ATPase inhibitor influencing cellular pH values, is a promising new compound exerting cytotoxicity in the nanomolar range on wild-type U87MG glioblastoma cells and U87MG.∆EGFR cells transfected with a mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Gene expression profiling using microarray technology showed that archazolid B caused drastic disturbances in cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol, a main component of cellular membranes, is known to be essential for GBM growth and cells bearing EGFRvIII mutation are highly dependent on exogenous cholesterol. Archazolid B caused excessive accumulation of free cholesterol within intracellular compartments thus depleting cellular cholesterol and leading to up-regulation of SREBP targeted genes, including LDLR and HMGCR, the key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. This cholesterol response is considered to be a novel resistance mechanism induced by archazolid B. We surmise that re-elevation of cholesterol levels in archazolid B treated cells may be mediated by newly synthesized cholesterol, since the drug leads to endosomal/lysosomal malfunction and cholesterol accumulation.},
doi = {10.1016/J.TAAP.2014.08.033},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22439911}, journal = {Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology},
issn = {0041-008X},
number = 1,
volume = 281,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Sat Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}