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Title: Astrocytic gap junctional networks suppress cellular damage in an in vitro model of ischemia

Abstract

Highlights: • Astrocytes exhibit characteristic changes in [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} under OGD. • Astrocytic [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase is synchronized with a neuronal anoxic depolarization. • Gap junctional couplings protect neurons as well as astrocytes during OGD. - Abstract: Astrocytes play pivotal roles in both the physiology and the pathophysiology of the brain. They communicate with each other via extracellular messengers as well as through gap junctions, which may exacerbate or protect against pathological processes in the brain. However, their roles during the acute phase of ischemia and the underlying cellular mechanisms remain largely unknown. To address this issue, we imaged changes in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i}) in astrocytes in mouse cortical slices under oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) condition using two-photon microscopy. Under OGD, astrocytes showed [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} oscillations followed by larger and sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increases. While the pharmacological blockades of astrocytic receptors for glutamate and ATP had no effect, the inhibitions of gap junctional intercellular coupling between astrocytes significantly advanced the onset of the sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase after OGD exposure. Interestingly, the simultaneous recording of the neuronal membrane potential revealed that the onset of the sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase in astrocytesmore » was synchronized with the appearance of neuronal anoxic depolarization. Furthermore, the blockade of gap junctional coupling resulted in a concurrent faster appearance of neuronal depolarizations, which remain synchronized with the sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase in astrocytes. These results indicate that astrocytes delay the appearance of the pathological responses of astrocytes and neurons through their gap junction-mediated intercellular network under OGD. Thus, astrocytic gap junctional networks provide protection against tissue damage during the acute phase of ischemia.« less

Authors:
; ;
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22416258
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 444; Journal Issue: 2; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0006-291X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; ANIMAL TISSUES; ATP; BRAIN; CALCIUM; CALCIUM IONS; DEPOLARIZATION; GLUCOSE; IN VITRO; INHIBITION; ISCHEMIA; MEMBRANES; MICE; NERVE CELLS; OSCILLATIONS; OXYGEN; PHOTONS; PHYSIOLOGY; RECEPTORS

Citation Formats

Shinotsuka, Takanori, Yasui, Masato, and Nuriya, Mutsuo. Astrocytic gap junctional networks suppress cellular damage in an in vitro model of ischemia. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1016/J.BBRC.2014.01.035.
Shinotsuka, Takanori, Yasui, Masato, & Nuriya, Mutsuo. Astrocytic gap junctional networks suppress cellular damage in an in vitro model of ischemia. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BBRC.2014.01.035
Shinotsuka, Takanori, Yasui, Masato, and Nuriya, Mutsuo. 2014. "Astrocytic gap junctional networks suppress cellular damage in an in vitro model of ischemia". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BBRC.2014.01.035.
@article{osti_22416258,
title = {Astrocytic gap junctional networks suppress cellular damage in an in vitro model of ischemia},
author = {Shinotsuka, Takanori and Yasui, Masato and Nuriya, Mutsuo},
abstractNote = {Highlights: • Astrocytes exhibit characteristic changes in [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} under OGD. • Astrocytic [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase is synchronized with a neuronal anoxic depolarization. • Gap junctional couplings protect neurons as well as astrocytes during OGD. - Abstract: Astrocytes play pivotal roles in both the physiology and the pathophysiology of the brain. They communicate with each other via extracellular messengers as well as through gap junctions, which may exacerbate or protect against pathological processes in the brain. However, their roles during the acute phase of ischemia and the underlying cellular mechanisms remain largely unknown. To address this issue, we imaged changes in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i}) in astrocytes in mouse cortical slices under oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) condition using two-photon microscopy. Under OGD, astrocytes showed [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} oscillations followed by larger and sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increases. While the pharmacological blockades of astrocytic receptors for glutamate and ATP had no effect, the inhibitions of gap junctional intercellular coupling between astrocytes significantly advanced the onset of the sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase after OGD exposure. Interestingly, the simultaneous recording of the neuronal membrane potential revealed that the onset of the sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase in astrocytes was synchronized with the appearance of neuronal anoxic depolarization. Furthermore, the blockade of gap junctional coupling resulted in a concurrent faster appearance of neuronal depolarizations, which remain synchronized with the sustained [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} increase in astrocytes. These results indicate that astrocytes delay the appearance of the pathological responses of astrocytes and neurons through their gap junction-mediated intercellular network under OGD. Thus, astrocytic gap junctional networks provide protection against tissue damage during the acute phase of ischemia.},
doi = {10.1016/J.BBRC.2014.01.035},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22416258}, journal = {Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications},
issn = {0006-291X},
number = 2,
volume = 444,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Fri Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}