AN IMAGE-PLANE ALGORITHM FOR JWST'S NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE MASK DATA

Greenbaum, Alexandra Z.; Pueyo, Laurent; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Lacour, Sylvestre

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/68

Title: AN IMAGE-PLANE ALGORITHM FOR JWST'S NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE MASK DATA

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Abstract

The high angular resolution technique of non-redundant masking (NRM) or aperture masking interferometry (AMI) has yielded images of faint protoplanetary companions of nearby stars from the ground. AMI on James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)'s Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) has a lower thermal background than ground-based facilities and does not suffer from atmospheric instability. NIRISS AMI images are likely to have 90%-95% Strehl ratio between 2.77 and 4.8 μm. In this paper we quantify factors that limit the raw point source contrast of JWST NRM. We develop an analytic model of the NRM point spread function which includes different optical path delays (pistons) between mask holes and fit the model parameters with image plane data. It enables a straightforward way to exclude bad pixels, is suited to limited fields of view, and can incorporate effects such as intra-pixel sensitivity variations. We simulate various sources of noise to estimate their effect on the standard deviation of closure phase, σ{sub CP} (a proxy for binary point source contrast). If σ{sub CP} < 10{sup –4} radians—a contrast ratio of 10 mag—young accreting gas giant planets (e.g., in the nearby Taurus star-forming region) could be imaged with JWST NIRISS. We show themore »« less

Authors:

Greenbaum, Alexandra Z. ^[1]; Pueyo, Laurent; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand ^[2]; Lacour, Sylvestre ^[3]

Johns Hopkins University Department of Physics and Astronomy 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)
Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)
LESIA, CNRS/UMR-8109, Observatoire de Paris, UPMC, Université Paris Diderot 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon (France)

Publication Date:: Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2015

OSTI Identifier:: 22364692

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Astrophysical Journal

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 798; Journal Issue: 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY; ALGORITHMS; APERTURES; IMAGES; INTERFEROMETRY; NOISE; PLANETS; PROTOPLANETS; RESOLUTION; SENSITIVITY; SPACE; SPACE VEHICLES; STAR EVOLUTION; STARS; TELESCOPES

Citation Formats


                    Greenbaum, Alexandra Z., Pueyo, Laurent, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, and Lacour, Sylvestre. AN IMAGE-PLANE ALGORITHM FOR JWST'S NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE MASK DATA.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
        Web.  doi:10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/68.

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                    Greenbaum, Alexandra Z., Pueyo, Laurent, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, & Lacour, Sylvestre. AN IMAGE-PLANE ALGORITHM FOR JWST'S NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE MASK DATA.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/68

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                    Greenbaum, Alexandra Z., Pueyo, Laurent, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, and Lacour, Sylvestre. 2015.  
        "AN IMAGE-PLANE ALGORITHM FOR JWST'S NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE MASK DATA".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/68.

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@article{osti_22364692,

  title        = {AN IMAGE-PLANE ALGORITHM FOR JWST'S NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE MASK DATA},

  author       = {Greenbaum, Alexandra Z. and Pueyo, Laurent and Sivaramakrishnan, Anand and Lacour, Sylvestre},

  abstractNote = {The high angular resolution technique of non-redundant masking (NRM) or aperture masking interferometry (AMI) has yielded images of faint protoplanetary companions of nearby stars from the ground. AMI on James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)'s Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) has a lower thermal background than ground-based facilities and does not suffer from atmospheric instability. NIRISS AMI images are likely to have 90%-95% Strehl ratio between 2.77 and 4.8 μm. In this paper we quantify factors that limit the raw point source contrast of JWST NRM. We develop an analytic model of the NRM point spread function which includes different optical path delays (pistons) between mask holes and fit the model parameters with image plane data. It enables a straightforward way to exclude bad pixels, is suited to limited fields of view, and can incorporate effects such as intra-pixel sensitivity variations. We simulate various sources of noise to estimate their effect on the standard deviation of closure phase, σ{sub CP} (a proxy for binary point source contrast). If σ{sub CP} < 10{sup –4} radians—a contrast ratio of 10 mag—young accreting gas giant planets (e.g., in the nearby Taurus star-forming region) could be imaged with JWST NIRISS. We show the feasibility of using NIRISS' NRM with the sub-Nyquist sampled F277W, which would enable some exoplanet chemistry characterization. In the presence of small piston errors, the dominant sources of closure phase error (depending on pixel sampling, and filter bandwidth) are flat field errors and unmodeled variations in intra-pixel sensitivity. The in-flight stability of NIRISS will determine how well these errors can be calibrated by observing a point source. Our results help develop efficient observing strategies for space-based NRM.},

  doi          = {10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/68},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22364692},
  journal      = {Astrophysical Journal},

  issn         = {0004-637X},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 798,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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