The black hole mass and the stellar ring in NGC 3706
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 500 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States)
- Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, 1 University Station C1400, Austin, TX 78712 (United States)
- National Optical Astronomy Observatory, P.O. Box 26732, Tucson, AZ 85726 (United States)
- Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 München (Germany)
- Institute for Advanced Study, Einstein Dr., Princeton, NJ 08540 (United States)
We determine the mass of the nuclear black hole (M) in NGC 3706, an early-type galaxy with a central surface brightness minimum arising from an apparent stellar ring, which is misaligned with respect to the galaxy's major axis at larger radii. We fit new HST/STIS and archival data with axisymmetric orbit models to determine M, mass-to-light ratio (Y {sub V}), and dark matter halo profile. The best-fit model parameters with 1σ uncertainties are M=(6.0{sub −0.9}{sup +0.7})×10{sup 8} M{sub ⊙} and Υ{sub V}=6.0±0.2 M{sub ⊙} L{sub ⊙,V}{sup −1} at an assumed distance of 46 Mpc. The models are inconsistent with no black hole at a significance of Δχ{sup 2} = 15.4 and require a dark matter halo to adequately fit the kinematic data, but the fits are consistent with a large range of plausible dark matter halo parameters. The ring is inconsistent with a population of co-rotating stars on circular orbits, which would produce a narrow line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD). Instead, the ring's LOSVD has a small value of |V|/σ, the ratio of mean velocity to velocity dispersion. Based on the observed low |V|/σ, our orbit modeling, and a kinematic decomposition of the ring from the bulge, we conclude that the stellar ring contains stars that orbit in both directions. We consider potential origins for this unique feature, including multiple tidal disruptions of stellar clusters, a change in the gravitational potential from triaxial to axisymmetric, resonant capture and inclining of orbits by a binary black hole, and multiple mergers leading to gas being funneled to the center of the galaxy.
- OSTI ID:
- 22348096
- Journal Information:
- Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 781, Issue 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0004-637X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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