Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report
Abstract
Wastewater generated during the manufacture of munitions often contains significant levels of nitrates and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). The objective of this project was to characterize the major biotransformation products formed from DNT under denitrifying conditions, and to identify the organisms responsible. In a denitrifying enrichment culture that used ethanol as the primary substrate, DNT was transformed primarily to 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene, 4-arnino-2-nitrotoluene, and 2,4-diaminotoluene. With extended incubation (>% 80 days), all of the 2,4-diaminotoluene subsequently disappeared. In cultures that received 14Cdnt, nearly all of the labeled metabolites remained in the aqueous phase. Approximately 35% consisted of insoluble material, while 29% was soluble hydrophobic and 32% was soluble hydrophilic. Two organisms were isolated from the enrichment: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a much slower-growing rod. Pure cultures of P. aeruginosa only partially reduced DNT to 2,4-diaminotoluene under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions. Accumulation of 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene accounted for 25-45% of the DNT consumed, while 4-acetylamino-2-nitrotoluene accounted for 32-35%. Reduction and acetylation therefore appear to be major biotransformation pathways for DNT under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- OSTI Identifier:
- 220340
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-302116/9/XAB
CNN: Contract DAAH04-94-G-0264; TRN: 60920858
- Resource Type:
- Technical Report
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: 10 Apr 1995
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE; WASTE WATER; WASTE PROCESSING; TOLUENE; BIODEGRADATION; ACETYLATION; NITRO COMPOUNDS; DENITRIFICATION; ETHANOL
Citation Formats
Freedman, D L, and Noguera, D R. Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report. United States: N. p., 1995.
Web.
Freedman, D L, & Noguera, D R. Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report. United States.
Freedman, D L, and Noguera, D R. 1995.
"Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report". United States.
@article{osti_220340,
title = {Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report},
author = {Freedman, D L and Noguera, D R},
abstractNote = {Wastewater generated during the manufacture of munitions often contains significant levels of nitrates and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). The objective of this project was to characterize the major biotransformation products formed from DNT under denitrifying conditions, and to identify the organisms responsible. In a denitrifying enrichment culture that used ethanol as the primary substrate, DNT was transformed primarily to 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene, 4-arnino-2-nitrotoluene, and 2,4-diaminotoluene. With extended incubation (>% 80 days), all of the 2,4-diaminotoluene subsequently disappeared. In cultures that received 14Cdnt, nearly all of the labeled metabolites remained in the aqueous phase. Approximately 35% consisted of insoluble material, while 29% was soluble hydrophobic and 32% was soluble hydrophilic. Two organisms were isolated from the enrichment: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a much slower-growing rod. Pure cultures of P. aeruginosa only partially reduced DNT to 2,4-diaminotoluene under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions. Accumulation of 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene accounted for 25-45% of the DNT consumed, while 4-acetylamino-2-nitrotoluene accounted for 32-35%. Reduction and acetylation therefore appear to be major biotransformation pathways for DNT under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/220340},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 1995},
month = {Mon Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 1995}
}