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Title: Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report

Abstract

Wastewater generated during the manufacture of munitions often contains significant levels of nitrates and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). The objective of this project was to characterize the major biotransformation products formed from DNT under denitrifying conditions, and to identify the organisms responsible. In a denitrifying enrichment culture that used ethanol as the primary substrate, DNT was transformed primarily to 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene, 4-arnino-2-nitrotoluene, and 2,4-diaminotoluene. With extended incubation (>% 80 days), all of the 2,4-diaminotoluene subsequently disappeared. In cultures that received 14Cdnt, nearly all of the labeled metabolites remained in the aqueous phase. Approximately 35% consisted of insoluble material, while 29% was soluble hydrophobic and 32% was soluble hydrophilic. Two organisms were isolated from the enrichment: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a much slower-growing rod. Pure cultures of P. aeruginosa only partially reduced DNT to 2,4-diaminotoluene under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions. Accumulation of 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene accounted for 25-45% of the DNT consumed, while 4-acetylamino-2-nitrotoluene accounted for 32-35%. Reduction and acetylation therefore appear to be major biotransformation pathways for DNT under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions.

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
OSTI Identifier:
220340
Report Number(s):
AD-A-302116/9/XAB
CNN: Contract DAAH04-94-G-0264; TRN: 60920858
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: PBD: 10 Apr 1995
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE; WASTE WATER; WASTE PROCESSING; TOLUENE; BIODEGRADATION; ACETYLATION; NITRO COMPOUNDS; DENITRIFICATION; ETHANOL

Citation Formats

Freedman, D L, and Noguera, D R. Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report. United States: N. p., 1995. Web.
Freedman, D L, & Noguera, D R. Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report. United States.
Freedman, D L, and Noguera, D R. 1995. "Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report". United States.
@article{osti_220340,
title = {Evaluation of biotransformation products from 2,4-dinitrotoluene under nitrate-reducing conditions. Final report},
author = {Freedman, D L and Noguera, D R},
abstractNote = {Wastewater generated during the manufacture of munitions often contains significant levels of nitrates and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). The objective of this project was to characterize the major biotransformation products formed from DNT under denitrifying conditions, and to identify the organisms responsible. In a denitrifying enrichment culture that used ethanol as the primary substrate, DNT was transformed primarily to 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene, 4-arnino-2-nitrotoluene, and 2,4-diaminotoluene. With extended incubation (>% 80 days), all of the 2,4-diaminotoluene subsequently disappeared. In cultures that received 14Cdnt, nearly all of the labeled metabolites remained in the aqueous phase. Approximately 35% consisted of insoluble material, while 29% was soluble hydrophobic and 32% was soluble hydrophilic. Two organisms were isolated from the enrichment: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a much slower-growing rod. Pure cultures of P. aeruginosa only partially reduced DNT to 2,4-diaminotoluene under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions. Accumulation of 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene accounted for 25-45% of the DNT consumed, while 4-acetylamino-2-nitrotoluene accounted for 32-35%. Reduction and acetylation therefore appear to be major biotransformation pathways for DNT under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/220340}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 1995},
month = {Mon Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 1995}
}

Technical Report:
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