HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?
Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy continuum and spectral line observations of the dense core Per-Bolo 45. Although this core has previously been classified as starless, we find evidence for an outflow and conclude that Per-Bolo 45 is actually an embedded, low-luminosity protostar. We discuss the impact of newly discovered, low-luminosity, embedded objects in the Perseus molecular cloud on starless core and protostar lifetimes. We estimate that the starless core lifetime has been overestimated by 4%-18% and the Class 0/I protostellar lifetime has been underestimated by 5%-20%. Given the relatively large systematic uncertainties involved in these calculations, variations on the order of 10% do not significantly change either core lifetimes or the expected protostellar luminosity function. Finally, we suggest that high-resolution (sub)millimeter surveys of known cores lacking near-infrared and mid-infrared emission are necessary to make an accurate census of starless cores.
- Authors:
-
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States)
- National Research Council Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road Victoria, BC V9E 2E7 (Canada)
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1 (Canada)
- Publication Date:
- OSTI Identifier:
- 22012022
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal Name:
- Astrophysical Journal
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 745; Journal Issue: 1; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY; ASTRONOMY; LIFETIME; LUMINOSITY; STAR EVOLUTION; STARS
Citation Formats
Schnee, Scott, Friesen, Rachel, Di Francesco, James, Johnstone, Doug, Enoch, Melissa, and Sadavoy, Sarah. HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?. United States: N. p., 2012.
Web. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18.
Schnee, Scott, Friesen, Rachel, Di Francesco, James, Johnstone, Doug, Enoch, Melissa, & Sadavoy, Sarah. HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18
Schnee, Scott, Friesen, Rachel, Di Francesco, James, Johnstone, Doug, Enoch, Melissa, and Sadavoy, Sarah. 2012.
"HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18.
@article{osti_22012022,
title = {HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?},
author = {Schnee, Scott and Friesen, Rachel and Di Francesco, James and Johnstone, Doug and Enoch, Melissa and Sadavoy, Sarah},
abstractNote = {In this paper, we present the results of Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy continuum and spectral line observations of the dense core Per-Bolo 45. Although this core has previously been classified as starless, we find evidence for an outflow and conclude that Per-Bolo 45 is actually an embedded, low-luminosity protostar. We discuss the impact of newly discovered, low-luminosity, embedded objects in the Perseus molecular cloud on starless core and protostar lifetimes. We estimate that the starless core lifetime has been overestimated by 4%-18% and the Class 0/I protostellar lifetime has been underestimated by 5%-20%. Given the relatively large systematic uncertainties involved in these calculations, variations on the order of 10% do not significantly change either core lifetimes or the expected protostellar luminosity function. Finally, we suggest that high-resolution (sub)millimeter surveys of known cores lacking near-infrared and mid-infrared emission are necessary to make an accurate census of starless cores.},
doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22012022},
journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
issn = {0004-637X},
number = 1,
volume = 745,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2012},
month = {Fri Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2012}
}