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Title: HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?

Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy continuum and spectral line observations of the dense core Per-Bolo 45. Although this core has previously been classified as starless, we find evidence for an outflow and conclude that Per-Bolo 45 is actually an embedded, low-luminosity protostar. We discuss the impact of newly discovered, low-luminosity, embedded objects in the Perseus molecular cloud on starless core and protostar lifetimes. We estimate that the starless core lifetime has been overestimated by 4%-18% and the Class 0/I protostellar lifetime has been underestimated by 5%-20%. Given the relatively large systematic uncertainties involved in these calculations, variations on the order of 10% do not significantly change either core lifetimes or the expected protostellar luminosity function. Finally, we suggest that high-resolution (sub)millimeter surveys of known cores lacking near-infrared and mid-infrared emission are necessary to make an accurate census of starless cores.

Authors:
;  [1]; ;  [2];  [3];  [4]
  1. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States)
  2. National Research Council Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road Victoria, BC V9E 2E7 (Canada)
  3. Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1 (Canada)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22012022
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Astrophysical Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 745; Journal Issue: 1; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY; ASTRONOMY; LIFETIME; LUMINOSITY; STAR EVOLUTION; STARS

Citation Formats

Schnee, Scott, Friesen, Rachel, Di Francesco, James, Johnstone, Doug, Enoch, Melissa, and Sadavoy, Sarah. HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?. United States: N. p., 2012. Web. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18.
Schnee, Scott, Friesen, Rachel, Di Francesco, James, Johnstone, Doug, Enoch, Melissa, & Sadavoy, Sarah. HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18
Schnee, Scott, Friesen, Rachel, Di Francesco, James, Johnstone, Doug, Enoch, Melissa, and Sadavoy, Sarah. 2012. "HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18.
@article{osti_22012022,
title = {HOW STARLESS ARE STARLESS CORES?},
author = {Schnee, Scott and Friesen, Rachel and Di Francesco, James and Johnstone, Doug and Enoch, Melissa and Sadavoy, Sarah},
abstractNote = {In this paper, we present the results of Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy continuum and spectral line observations of the dense core Per-Bolo 45. Although this core has previously been classified as starless, we find evidence for an outflow and conclude that Per-Bolo 45 is actually an embedded, low-luminosity protostar. We discuss the impact of newly discovered, low-luminosity, embedded objects in the Perseus molecular cloud on starless core and protostar lifetimes. We estimate that the starless core lifetime has been overestimated by 4%-18% and the Class 0/I protostellar lifetime has been underestimated by 5%-20%. Given the relatively large systematic uncertainties involved in these calculations, variations on the order of 10% do not significantly change either core lifetimes or the expected protostellar luminosity function. Finally, we suggest that high-resolution (sub)millimeter surveys of known cores lacking near-infrared and mid-infrared emission are necessary to make an accurate census of starless cores.},
doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/18},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22012022}, journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
issn = {0004-637X},
number = 1,
volume = 745,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2012},
month = {Fri Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2012}
}