FERMI DETECTION OF {gamma}-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12
Abstract
The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) M2-class solar flare, SOL2010-06-12T00:57, was modest in many respects yet exhibited remarkable acceleration of energetic particles. The flare produced an {approx}50 s impulsive burst of hard X- and {gamma}-ray emission up to at least 400 MeV observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Large Area Telescope experiments. The remarkably similar hard X-ray and high-energy {gamma}-ray time profiles suggest that most of the particles were accelerated to energies {approx}>300 MeV with a delay of {approx}10 s from mildly relativistic electrons, but some reached these energies in as little as {approx}3 s. The {gamma}-ray line fluence from this flare was about 10 times higher than that typically observed from this modest GOES class of X-ray flare. There is no evidence for time-extended >100 MeV emission as has been found for other flares with high-energy {gamma}-rays.
- Authors:
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- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen (Germany)
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (United States)
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (United States)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa (Italy)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste (Italy)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova (Italy)
- Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899 (United States)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia (Italy)
- Dipartimento di Fisica 'M. Merlin' dell'Universita e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari (Italy)
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau (France)
- Publication Date:
- OSTI Identifier:
- 22011651
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal Name:
- Astrophysical Journal
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 745; Journal Issue: 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY; ACCELERATION; COSMIC GAMMA BURSTS; ELECTRONS; GAMMA RADIATION; GOES SATELLITES; HARD X RADIATION; PHOTON EMISSION; RELATIVISTIC RANGE; SOFT X RADIATION; SOLAR FLARES; SUN; TELESCOPES
Citation Formats
Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Allafort, A, Bechtol, K, Blandford, R D, Borgland, A W, Buehler, R, Atwood, W B, Baldini, L, Bellazzini, R, Bregeon, J, Barbiellini, G, Bastieri, D, Buson, S, Bhat, P N, Briggs, M S, Burgess, J M, Bonamente, E, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, and others, and. FERMI DETECTION OF {gamma}-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12. United States: N. p., 2012.
Web. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/144.
Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Allafort, A, Bechtol, K, Blandford, R D, Borgland, A W, Buehler, R, Atwood, W B, Baldini, L, Bellazzini, R, Bregeon, J, Barbiellini, G, Bastieri, D, Buson, S, Bhat, P N, Briggs, M S, Burgess, J M, Bonamente, E, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, & others, and. FERMI DETECTION OF {gamma}-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/144
Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Allafort, A, Bechtol, K, Blandford, R D, Borgland, A W, Buehler, R, Atwood, W B, Baldini, L, Bellazzini, R, Bregeon, J, Barbiellini, G, Bastieri, D, Buson, S, Bhat, P N, Briggs, M S, Burgess, J M, Bonamente, E, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, and others, and. 2012.
"FERMI DETECTION OF {gamma}-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/144.
@article{osti_22011651,
title = {FERMI DETECTION OF {gamma}-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12},
author = {Ackermann, M and Ajello, M and Allafort, A and Bechtol, K and Blandford, R D and Borgland, A W and Buehler, R and Atwood, W B and Baldini, L and Bellazzini, R and Bregeon, J and Barbiellini, G and Bastieri, D and Buson, S and Bhat, P N and Briggs, M S and Burgess, J M and Bonamente, E and Brigida, M and Bruel, P and others, and},
abstractNote = {The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) M2-class solar flare, SOL2010-06-12T00:57, was modest in many respects yet exhibited remarkable acceleration of energetic particles. The flare produced an {approx}50 s impulsive burst of hard X- and {gamma}-ray emission up to at least 400 MeV observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Large Area Telescope experiments. The remarkably similar hard X-ray and high-energy {gamma}-ray time profiles suggest that most of the particles were accelerated to energies {approx}>300 MeV with a delay of {approx}10 s from mildly relativistic electrons, but some reached these energies in as little as {approx}3 s. The {gamma}-ray line fluence from this flare was about 10 times higher than that typically observed from this modest GOES class of X-ray flare. There is no evidence for time-extended >100 MeV emission as has been found for other flares with high-energy {gamma}-rays.},
doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/144},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22011651},
journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
issn = {0004-637X},
number = 2,
volume = 745,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2012},
month = {Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2012}
}
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