Degradation and environmental risk of surfactants after the application of compost sludge to the soil
Abstract
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Degradation of surfactants in soil amended with sewage sludge during 100 days. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Temperature influences on the degradation of the studied compounds. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Overall, the LAS degradation is faster than the NP compounds degradation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Therefore, the LAS presented lower environmental risk than the NP compounds. - Abstract: In this work, the degradation of anionic and non-ionic surfactants in agricultural soil amended with sewage sludge is reported. The compounds analysed were: linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) with a 10-13 carbon alkylic chain, and nonylphenolic compounds (NPE), including nonylphenol (NP) and nonylphenol ethoxylates with one and two ethoxy groups (NP1EO and NP2EO). The degradation studies were carried out under winter (12.7 Degree-Sign C) and summer (22.4 Degree-Sign C) conditions in Andalusia region. The concentration of LAS was reduced to 2% of the initial concentration 100 day after sludge-application to the soil. The half-life time measured for LAS homologues were ranged between 4 and 14 days at 12.7 Degree-Sign C and between 4 and 7 days at 22.4 Degree-Sign C. With regard to NPE compounds, after 8 and 4 days from the beginning of the experiment at 12.7 and 22.4 Degree-Sign C, respectively, their concentration levels were increased to 6.5 andmore »
- Authors:
-
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politecnica Superior, University of Seville, C/Virgen de Africa 7, E-41011 Seville (Spain)
- Publication Date:
- OSTI Identifier:
- 21612990
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal Name:
- Waste Management
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 32; Journal Issue: 7; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.023; PII: S0956-053X(12)00085-2; Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0956-053X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES, AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES; CARBON 13; COMPOST; ENVIRONMENT; LANTHANUM SULFIDES; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEWAGE SLUDGE; SOILS; SULFONATES; SURFACTANTS; TOXICITY; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BIOLOGICAL WASTES; CARBON ISOTOPES; CHALCOGENIDES; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; LANTHANUM COMPOUNDS; LIGHT NUCLEI; MATERIALS; NUCLEI; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC WASTES; RARE EARTH COMPOUNDS; SEWAGE; SLUDGES; STABLE ISOTOPES; SULFIDES; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; WASTES
Citation Formats
Gonzalez, M M, Martin, J, Camacho-Munoz, D, Santos, J L, Aparicio, I, and Alonso, E. Degradation and environmental risk of surfactants after the application of compost sludge to the soil. United States: N. p., 2012.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.023.
Gonzalez, M M, Martin, J, Camacho-Munoz, D, Santos, J L, Aparicio, I, & Alonso, E. Degradation and environmental risk of surfactants after the application of compost sludge to the soil. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.023
Gonzalez, M M, Martin, J, Camacho-Munoz, D, Santos, J L, Aparicio, I, and Alonso, E. 2012.
"Degradation and environmental risk of surfactants after the application of compost sludge to the soil". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.023.
@article{osti_21612990,
title = {Degradation and environmental risk of surfactants after the application of compost sludge to the soil},
author = {Gonzalez, M M and Martin, J and Camacho-Munoz, D and Santos, J L and Aparicio, I and Alonso, E},
abstractNote = {Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Degradation of surfactants in soil amended with sewage sludge during 100 days. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Temperature influences on the degradation of the studied compounds. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Overall, the LAS degradation is faster than the NP compounds degradation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Therefore, the LAS presented lower environmental risk than the NP compounds. - Abstract: In this work, the degradation of anionic and non-ionic surfactants in agricultural soil amended with sewage sludge is reported. The compounds analysed were: linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) with a 10-13 carbon alkylic chain, and nonylphenolic compounds (NPE), including nonylphenol (NP) and nonylphenol ethoxylates with one and two ethoxy groups (NP1EO and NP2EO). The degradation studies were carried out under winter (12.7 Degree-Sign C) and summer (22.4 Degree-Sign C) conditions in Andalusia region. The concentration of LAS was reduced to 2% of the initial concentration 100 day after sludge-application to the soil. The half-life time measured for LAS homologues were ranged between 4 and 14 days at 12.7 Degree-Sign C and between 4 and 7 days at 22.4 Degree-Sign C. With regard to NPE compounds, after 8 and 4 days from the beginning of the experiment at 12.7 and 22.4 Degree-Sign C, respectively, their concentration levels were increased to 6.5 and 13.5 mg/kg dm (dry matter) as consequence of the degradation of nonylphenol polyethoxylates. These concentration levels were reduced to 5% after 63 and 70 days for 12.7 Degree-Sign C and 22.4 Degree-Sign C, respectively. The half-life times measured for NPEs were from 8 to 16 days at 12.7 Degree-Sign C and from 8 to 18 days at 22.4 Degree-Sign C. Environmental risk assessment revealed that for LAS homologues no environment risk could be expected after 7 and 8 days of sludge application to the soil for 22.4 and 12.7 Degree-Sign C, respectively; however, potential toxic effects could be observed for the nonylphenolic compounds during the first 56 days after sludge application to the soil.},
doi = {10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.023},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21612990},
journal = {Waste Management},
issn = {0956-053X},
number = 7,
volume = 32,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2012},
month = {Sun Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2012}
}