XRD line-broadening characteristics of M-oxides (M = Mg, Mg-Al, Y, Fe) nanoparticles produced by coprecipitation method

Journal Article · Sun Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · AIP Conference Proceedings

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3515533· OSTI ID:21428666

Pratapa, S; Susanti, L; Insany, Y A. S.; Alfiati, Z; Hartono, B; Mashuri,; Triwikantoro,; Baqiya, M A; Purwaningsih, S; Yahya, E; Darminto, ^[1]; Taufiq, Ahmad; Fuad, Abdullah ^[2]

---

1. Department of Physics, Institute of Technology Sepuluh November (ITS), Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim, Surabaya, Indonesia 60111 (Indonesia)
2. Department of Physics, State University of Malang, Jl. Surabaya, Malang, Indonesia 60111 (Indonesia)

Simple coprecipitation method has been used to produce nanoparticles of MgO (magnesia), MgO{center_dot}Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}(spinel), Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}(yttria) and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}(ferrite). The raw materials were, in respective, magnesium powder, magnesium and aluminium powders, ytrria powder, and natural sand. The coprecipitation included the use of suitable acid and base to dissolve the powders or sand and to produce precipitates, as well as the use of water to wash and purify the precipitates, and drying at relatively low temperatures, namely lower than 100 deg. C, followed by heating at 450 deg. C, 750 deg. C, 600 deg. C and 200 deg. C to produce magnesia, spinel, yttria and ferrite nanopowders, respectively. X-ray diffractometry was used to characterise the purity and nanocrystallinity of the final powders. It was found qualitatively that the powders were of high purity. Further line-broadening analysis using single-line and Rietveld-based softwares was performed to reveal the nanocrystallinity of the powders. Different line breadth values were found for the powders, indicating different crystallite sizes. It was also found that, particularly for spinel and yttria, the diffraction peaks exhibited 'longer' tails, indicating broader crystallite size distribution. The average crystallite size for the powders ranged from 3 to 70 nm. The results could then be used as 'fingerprints' for nanocrystallinity using x-ray diffractometry. The XRD crystallite sizes for yttria and ferrite nanocrystals are in fair agreement with their counterparts from electron microscopy observation.

• OSTI ID: 21428666
• Journal Information: AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1284, Issue 1; Conference: NNSB2010: 3. nanoscience and nanotechnology symposium 2010, Bandung (Indonesia), 16 Jun 2010; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.3515533; (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0094-243X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
ALUMINIUM
COMPUTER CODES
COPRECIPITATION
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
FERRITES
IRON OXIDES
LINE BROADENING
MAGNESIUM
MAGNESIUM OXIDES
NANOSTRUCTURES
PARTICLES
POWDERS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
YTTRIUM OXIDES
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
CHALCOGENIDES
COHERENT SCATTERING
DIFFRACTION
ELEMENTS
FERRIMAGNETIC MATERIALS
IRON COMPOUNDS
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MAGNETIC MATERIALS
MATERIALS
METALS
MICROSCOPY
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PRECIPITATION
SCATTERING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
YTTRIUM COMPOUNDS