Non-Gaussian Photon Probability Distribution
- iSETI LLC, P.O. Box 831, Evergreen, CO 80437 (United States)
This paper investigates the axiom that the photon's probability distribution is a Gaussian distribution. The Airy disc empirical evidence shows that the best fit, if not exact, distribution is a modified Gamma mGAMMA distribution (whose parameters are alpha = r, betar/sq root(u)) in the plane orthogonal to the motion of the photon. This modified Gamma distribution is then used to reconstruct the probability distributions along the hypotenuse from the pinhole, arc from the pinhole, and a line parallel to photon motion. This reconstruction shows that the photon's probability distribution is not a Gaussian function. However, under certain conditions, the distribution can appear to be Normal, thereby accounting for the success of quantum mechanics. This modified Gamma distribution changes with the shape of objects around it and thus explains how the observer alters the observation. This property therefore places additional constraints to quantum entanglement experiments. This paper shows that photon interaction is a multi-phenomena effect consisting of the probability to interact P{sub i}, the probabilistic function and the ability to interact A{sub i}, the electromagnetic function. Splitting the probability function P{sub i} from the electromagnetic function A{sub i} enables the investigation of the photon behavior from a purely probabilistic P{sub i} perspective. The Probabilistic Interaction Hypothesis is proposed as a consistent method for handling the two different phenomena, the probability function P{sub i} and the ability to interact A{sub i}, thus redefining radiation shielding, stealth or cloaking, and invisibility as different effects of a single phenomenon P{sub i} of the photon probability distribution. Sub wavelength photon behavior is successfully modeled as a multi-phenomena behavior. The Probabilistic Interaction Hypothesis provides a good fit to Otoshi's (1972) microwave shielding, Schurig et al.(2006) microwave cloaking, and Oulton et al.(2008) sub wavelength confinement; thereby providing a strong case that the photon probability distribution is a modified Gamma mGAMMA distribution and not a Gaussian distribution.
- OSTI ID:
- 21370938
- Journal Information:
- AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1208, Issue 1; Conference: SPESIF-2010: 14. conference on thermophysics applications in microgravity;7. symposium on new frontiers in space propulsion sciences;2. symposium on astrosociology;1. symposium on high frequency gravitational waves, Huntsville, AL (United States);Huntsville, AL (United States);Huntsville, AL (United States);Huntsville, AL (United States), 24-26 Feb 2009;24-26 Feb 2009;24-26 Feb 2009;24-26 Feb 2009; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.3326254; (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0094-243X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
GENERAL PHYSICS
DISTRIBUTION
GAUSS FUNCTION
MICROWAVE RADIATION
PARTICLE INTERACTIONS
PHOTONS
PROBABILISTIC ESTIMATION
PROBABILITY
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
QUANTUM GROUPS
QUANTUM MECHANICS
SHIELDING
WAVELENGTHS
BOSONS
CALCULATION METHODS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
FUNCTIONS
INTERACTIONS
MASSLESS PARTICLES
MECHANICS
RADIATIONS
SYMMETRY GROUPS