Spontaneous symmetry breaking in general relativity: Brane world concept
- P. L. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, 2 Kosygina Street, Moscow 119334 (Russian Federation)
Gravitational properties of a hedgehog-type topological defect in two extra dimensions are considered in general relativity employing a vector as the order parameter. The developed macroscopic theory of phase transitions with spontaneous symmetry breaking is applied to the analysis of possible ''thick'' brane structures. The previous considerations were done using the order parameter in the form of a multiplet in a target space of scalar fields. The difference of these two approaches is analyzed and demonstrated in detail. There are two different symmetries of regular solutions of Einstein equations for a hedgehog-type vector order parameter. Both solutions are analyzed in parallel analytically and numerically. Regular configurations in cases of a vector order parameter have one more free parameter in comparison with the scalar multiplet solutions. It is shown that the existence of a negative cosmological constant is sufficient for the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the initially plain bulk. Regular configurations have a growing gravitational potential and are able to trap the matter to the brane. Among others there are solutions with the gravitational potential having several points of minimum such as being identical in the uniform bulk spinless particles, being trapped within separate points of minimum, acquiring different masses, and appearing to an observer within the brane as different particles with integer spins.
- OSTI ID:
- 21296361
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review. D, Particles Fields, Vol. 79, Issue 10; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.79.104027; (c) 2009 The American Physical Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0556-2821
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
BRANES
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONFIGURATION
COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT
EINSTEIN FIELD EQUATIONS
GENERAL RELATIVITY THEORY
GRAVITATION
MASS
MATHEMATICAL SOLUTIONS
MATTER
ORDER PARAMETERS
PARTICLES
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
POTENTIALS
SCALAR FIELDS
SPACE
SPIN
SYMMETRY
SYMMETRY BREAKING
TRAPPING