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Title: Neural Stem Cells: Implications for the Conventional Radiotherapy of Central Nervous System Malignancies

Abstract

Advances in basic neuroscience related to neural stem cells and their malignant counterparts are challenging traditional models of central nervous system tumorigenesis and intrinsic brain repair. Neurogenesis persists into adulthood predominantly in two neurogenic centers: subventricular zone and subgranular zone. Subventricular zone is situated adjacent to lateral ventricles and subgranular zone is confined to the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Neural stem cells not only self-renew and differentiate along multiple lineages in these regions, but also contribute to intrinsic brain plasticity and repair. Ionizing radiation can depopulate these exquisitely sensitive regions directly or impair in situ neurogenesis by indirect, dose-dependent and inflammation-mediated mechanisms, even at doses <2 Gy. This review discusses the fundamental neural stem cell concepts within the framework of cumulative clinical experience with the treatment of central nervous system malignancies using conventional radiotherapy.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
20951647
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 68; Journal Issue: 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.01.033; PII: S0360-3016(07)00147-2; Copyright (c) 2007 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0360-3016
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE; BIOLOGICAL REPAIR; CARCINOMAS; HIPPOCAMPUS; INFLAMMATION; IONIZING RADIATIONS; PLASTICITY; RADIATION DOSES; RADIOTHERAPY; REVIEWS; STEM CELLS

Citation Formats

Barani, Igor J, Benedict, Stanley H, and Lin, Peck-Sun. Neural Stem Cells: Implications for the Conventional Radiotherapy of Central Nervous System Malignancies. United States: N. p., 2007. Web. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.01.033.
Barani, Igor J, Benedict, Stanley H, & Lin, Peck-Sun. Neural Stem Cells: Implications for the Conventional Radiotherapy of Central Nervous System Malignancies. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.01.033
Barani, Igor J, Benedict, Stanley H, and Lin, Peck-Sun. 2007. "Neural Stem Cells: Implications for the Conventional Radiotherapy of Central Nervous System Malignancies". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.01.033.
@article{osti_20951647,
title = {Neural Stem Cells: Implications for the Conventional Radiotherapy of Central Nervous System Malignancies},
author = {Barani, Igor J and Benedict, Stanley H and Lin, Peck-Sun},
abstractNote = {Advances in basic neuroscience related to neural stem cells and their malignant counterparts are challenging traditional models of central nervous system tumorigenesis and intrinsic brain repair. Neurogenesis persists into adulthood predominantly in two neurogenic centers: subventricular zone and subgranular zone. Subventricular zone is situated adjacent to lateral ventricles and subgranular zone is confined to the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Neural stem cells not only self-renew and differentiate along multiple lineages in these regions, but also contribute to intrinsic brain plasticity and repair. Ionizing radiation can depopulate these exquisitely sensitive regions directly or impair in situ neurogenesis by indirect, dose-dependent and inflammation-mediated mechanisms, even at doses <2 Gy. This review discusses the fundamental neural stem cell concepts within the framework of cumulative clinical experience with the treatment of central nervous system malignancies using conventional radiotherapy.},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.01.033},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20951647}, journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics},
issn = {0360-3016},
number = 2,
volume = 68,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2007},
month = {Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2007}
}