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Title: CYP2S1: A short review

Abstract

A new member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, CYP2S1, has recently been identified in human and mouse. In this paper, we review the data currently available for CYP2S1. The human CYP2S1 gene is located in chromosome 19q13.2 within a cluster including CYP2 family members CYP2A6, CYP2A13, CYP2B6, and CYP2F1. These genes also show the highest homology to the human CYP2S1. The gene has recently been found to harbor genetic polymorphism. CYP2S1 is inducible by dioxin, the induction being mediated by the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) and Aryl Hydrocarbon Nuclear Translocator (ARNT) in a manner typical for CYP1 family members. In line with this, CYP2S1 has been shown to be inducible by coal tar, an abundant source of PAHs, and it was recently reported to metabolize naphthalene. This points to the involvement of CYP2S1 in the metabolism of toxic and carcinogenic compounds, similar to other dioxin-inducible CYPs. CYP2S1 is expressed in epithelial cells of a wide variety of extrahepatic tissues. The highest expression levels have been observed in the epithelial tissues frequently exposed to xenobiotics, e.g., the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts, and in the skin. The observed ubiquitous tissue distribution, as well as the expression of CYP2S1 throughout embryogenesis suggestmore » that CYP2S1 is likely to metabolize important endogenous substrates; thus far, retinoic acid has been identified. In conclusion, CYP2S1 exhibits many features of interest for human health and thus warrants further investigation.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3]
  1. Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FI-00250 (Finland) and Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, FI-00250 (Finland)
  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (United States)
  3. Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FI-00250 (Finland)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
20721890
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 207; Journal Issue: 2,suppl.1; Conference: ICT X 2004: 10. international congress of toxicology: Living in a safe chemical world, Tampere (Finland), 11-15 Jul 2004; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.027; PII: S0041-008X(05)00317-0; Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0041-008X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; BORON PHOSPHIDES; CAPILLARIES; COAL TAR; DIOXIN; ELECTROPHORESIS; GENES; METABOLISM; MICE; NAPHTHALENE; NUCLEOTIDES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PUBLIC HEALTH; RECEPTORS; RETINOIC ACID; SKIN; SUBSTRATES; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; URINARY TRACT; XENOBIOTICS

Citation Formats

Saarikoski, Sirkku T, Rivera, Steven P, Hankinson, Oliver, and Husgafvel-Pursiainen, Kirsti. CYP2S1: A short review. United States: N. p., 2005. Web. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.027.
Saarikoski, Sirkku T, Rivera, Steven P, Hankinson, Oliver, & Husgafvel-Pursiainen, Kirsti. CYP2S1: A short review. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.027
Saarikoski, Sirkku T, Rivera, Steven P, Hankinson, Oliver, and Husgafvel-Pursiainen, Kirsti. 2005. "CYP2S1: A short review". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.027.
@article{osti_20721890,
title = {CYP2S1: A short review},
author = {Saarikoski, Sirkku T and Rivera, Steven P and Hankinson, Oliver and Husgafvel-Pursiainen, Kirsti},
abstractNote = {A new member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, CYP2S1, has recently been identified in human and mouse. In this paper, we review the data currently available for CYP2S1. The human CYP2S1 gene is located in chromosome 19q13.2 within a cluster including CYP2 family members CYP2A6, CYP2A13, CYP2B6, and CYP2F1. These genes also show the highest homology to the human CYP2S1. The gene has recently been found to harbor genetic polymorphism. CYP2S1 is inducible by dioxin, the induction being mediated by the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) and Aryl Hydrocarbon Nuclear Translocator (ARNT) in a manner typical for CYP1 family members. In line with this, CYP2S1 has been shown to be inducible by coal tar, an abundant source of PAHs, and it was recently reported to metabolize naphthalene. This points to the involvement of CYP2S1 in the metabolism of toxic and carcinogenic compounds, similar to other dioxin-inducible CYPs. CYP2S1 is expressed in epithelial cells of a wide variety of extrahepatic tissues. The highest expression levels have been observed in the epithelial tissues frequently exposed to xenobiotics, e.g., the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts, and in the skin. The observed ubiquitous tissue distribution, as well as the expression of CYP2S1 throughout embryogenesis suggest that CYP2S1 is likely to metabolize important endogenous substrates; thus far, retinoic acid has been identified. In conclusion, CYP2S1 exhibits many features of interest for human health and thus warrants further investigation.},
doi = {10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.027},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20721890}, journal = {Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology},
issn = {0041-008X},
number = 2,suppl.1,
volume = 207,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005},
month = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005}
}