skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Pulse electrodeposition and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques for high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowire arrays

Abstract

This research is focused on the development of pulse electrodeposition techniques to fabricate a high-density array of vertically oriented, high-magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowires using a porous polymer film template. This type of array is a competitive candidate for future perpendicular magnetic media capable of storage densities exceeding 1 Terabit/in.{sup 2} The polymer template, derived from a self-assembling P(S-b-MMA) diblock copolymer film, provides precise control over the nanowire diameter (15 nm) and interwire spacing (24 nm), whereas nanowire length (typically 50 to 1000 nm) is controlled accurately with the aid of real-time electrochemical quartz crystal monitoring. Pulse and pulse-reversed electrodeposition techniques, as compared to dc, are shown to significantly enhance the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic nanowire array and ultimately result in coercivity as large as 2.7 kOe at 300 K. Magnetic and structural characterizations suggest that these properties arise from an improved degree of magnetocrystalline anisotropy (due to c-axis oriented crystal growth and improvements in crystal quality) that strongly supplements the basic shape anisotropy of the nanowires. Low temperature magnetometry is used to investigate exchange bias effects due to the incorporation of CoO antiferromagnetic impurities during the electrodeposition process and subsequent Co oxidation in air.

Authors:
; ; ;  [1]
  1. Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, 666 N Pleasant St., Hasbrouck Lab, Room 411, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
20711651
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 97; Journal Issue: 10; Conference: 49. annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials, Jacksonville, FL (United States), 7-11 Nov 2004; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.1861393; (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; ANISOTROPY; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; COBALT; COERCIVE FORCE; COPOLYMERS; CRYSTAL GROWTH; CRYSTALS; ELECTRODEPOSITION; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS; FILMS; HYSTERESIS; IMPURITIES; MICROBALANCES; OXIDATION; POROUS MATERIALS; PULSES; QUANTUM WIRES; QUARTZ; TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K

Citation Formats

Ursache, Andrei, Goldbach, James T, Russell, Thomas P, Tuominen, Mark T, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, 666 N Pleasant St., Hasbrouck Lab, Room 411, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003. Pulse electrodeposition and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques for high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowire arrays. United States: N. p., 2005. Web. doi:10.1063/1.1861393.
Ursache, Andrei, Goldbach, James T, Russell, Thomas P, Tuominen, Mark T, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, & Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, 666 N Pleasant St., Hasbrouck Lab, Room 411, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003. Pulse electrodeposition and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques for high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowire arrays. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1861393
Ursache, Andrei, Goldbach, James T, Russell, Thomas P, Tuominen, Mark T, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, 666 N Pleasant St., Hasbrouck Lab, Room 411, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003. 2005. "Pulse electrodeposition and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques for high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowire arrays". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1861393.
@article{osti_20711651,
title = {Pulse electrodeposition and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques for high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowire arrays},
author = {Ursache, Andrei and Goldbach, James T and Russell, Thomas P and Tuominen, Mark T and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 and Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, 666 N Pleasant St., Hasbrouck Lab, Room 411, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003},
abstractNote = {This research is focused on the development of pulse electrodeposition techniques to fabricate a high-density array of vertically oriented, high-magnetic anisotropy cobalt nanowires using a porous polymer film template. This type of array is a competitive candidate for future perpendicular magnetic media capable of storage densities exceeding 1 Terabit/in.{sup 2} The polymer template, derived from a self-assembling P(S-b-MMA) diblock copolymer film, provides precise control over the nanowire diameter (15 nm) and interwire spacing (24 nm), whereas nanowire length (typically 50 to 1000 nm) is controlled accurately with the aid of real-time electrochemical quartz crystal monitoring. Pulse and pulse-reversed electrodeposition techniques, as compared to dc, are shown to significantly enhance the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic nanowire array and ultimately result in coercivity as large as 2.7 kOe at 300 K. Magnetic and structural characterizations suggest that these properties arise from an improved degree of magnetocrystalline anisotropy (due to c-axis oriented crystal growth and improvements in crystal quality) that strongly supplements the basic shape anisotropy of the nanowires. Low temperature magnetometry is used to investigate exchange bias effects due to the incorporation of CoO antiferromagnetic impurities during the electrodeposition process and subsequent Co oxidation in air.},
doi = {10.1063/1.1861393},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20711651}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
issn = {0021-8979},
number = 10,
volume = 97,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2005},
month = {Sun May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2005}
}