High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls

Schmitt, J. C.; Bell, R. E.; Boyle, D. P.; Esposti, B.; Kaita, R.; Kozub, T.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Lucia, M.; Maingi, R.; Majeski, R.; Merino, E.; Punjabi-Vinoth, S.; Tchilingurian, G.; Capece, A.; Koel, B.; Roszell, J.; Biewer, T. M.; Gray, T. K.; Kubota, S.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Widmann, K.; Tritz, K.

doi:10.1063/1.4921153

Title: High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls

Journal Article · Fri May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921153· OSTI ID:1418907

^[1]; Bell, R. E. ^[1];

^[1]; Esposti, B. ^[1];

^[1]; Kozub, T. ^[1]; LeBlanc, B. P. ^[1]; Lucia, M. ^[1]; Maingi, R. ^[1]; Majeski, R. ^[1]; Merino, E. ^[1];

^[1]; Tchilingurian, G. ^[1]; Capece, A. ^[2];

^[2]; Roszell, J. ^[2];

^[3]; Gray, T. K. ^[3]; Kubota, S. ^[4]; Beiersdorfer, P. ^[5] more »

Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)

The first-ever successful operation of a tokamak with a large area (40% of the total plasm surface area) liquid lithium wall has been achieved in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX). These results were obtained with a new, electron beam-based lithium evaporation system, which can deposit a lithium coating on the limiting wall of LTX in a five-minute period. Preliminary analyses of diamagnetic and other data for discharges operated with a liquid lithium wall indicate that confinement times increased by 10× compared to discharges with helium-dispersed solid lithium coatings. Ohmic energy confinement times with fresh lithium walls, solid and liquid, exceed several relevant empirical scaling expressions. Spectroscopic analysis of the discharges indicates that oxygen levels in the discharges limited on liquid lithium walls were significantly reduced compared to discharges limited on solid lithium walls. Tokamak operations with a full liquid lithium wall (85% of the total plasma surface area) have recently started.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; AC02-09CH11466; AC05-00OR22725; SC0008598

OSTI ID:: 1418907

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1228242; OSTI ID: 1348305; OSTI ID: 1392270

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-740915; PHPAEN; TRN: US1801311

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 29 works

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On virial analysis at low aspect ratio Bongard, M. W.; Barr, J. L.; Fonck, R. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 7, Article No. 072508 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959808	journal	July 2016
The charge exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic on the upgraded Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX- β ) Elliott, D. B.; Biewer, T. M.; Boyle, D. P. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5039368	journal	October 2018
Fusion applications for lithium: wall conditioning in magnetic confinement devices Kaita, Robert Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab4156	journal	October 2019
Effects of lithium coating of the chamber wall on the STOR-M tokamak discharges Rohollahi, A.; Elgriw, S.; Mossman, A. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab1d89	journal	June 2019

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