Thermal effects on geologic carbon storage

Vilarrasa, Victor; Rutqvist, Jonny

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.12.011

Title: Thermal effects on geologic carbon storage

Journal Article · Tue Dec 27 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Earth-Science Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.12.011· OSTI ID:1379704

Vilarrasa, Victor ^[1]; Rutqvist, Jonny ^[2]

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Barcelona (Spain)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

One of the most promising ways to significantly reduce greenhouse gases emissions, while carbon-free energy sources are developed, is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). Non-isothermal effects play a major role in all stages of CCS. In this paper, we review the literature on thermal effects related to CCS, which is receiving an increasing interest as a result of the awareness that the comprehension of non-isothermal processes is crucial for a successful deployment of CCS projects. We start by reviewing CO₂ transport, which connects the regions where CO₂ is captured with suitable geostorage sites. The optimal conditions for CO₂ transport, both onshore (through pipelines) and offshore (through pipelines or ships), are such that CO₂ stays in liquid state. To minimize costs, CO₂ should ideally be injected at the wellhead in similar pressure and temperature conditions as it is delivered by transport. To optimize the injection conditions, coupled wellbore and reservoir simulators that solve the strongly non-linear problem of CO₂ pressure, temperature and density within the wellbore and non-isothermal two-phase flow within the storage formation have been developed. CO₂ in its way down the injection well heats up due to compression and friction at a lower rate than the geothermal gradient, and thus, reaches the storage formation at a lower temperature than that of the rock. Inside the storage formation, CO₂ injection induces temperature changes due to the advection of the cool injected CO₂, the Joule-Thomson cooling effect, endothermic water vaporization and exothermic CO₂ dissolution. These thermal effects lead to thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical coupled processes with non-trivial interpretations. These coupled processes also play a relevant role in “Utilization” options that may provide an added value to the injected CO₂ , such as Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), Enhanced Coal Bed Methane (ECBM) and geothermal energy extraction combined with CO₂ storage. If the injected CO₂ leaks through faults, the caprock or wellbores, strong cooling will occur due to the expansion of CO₂ as pressure decreases with depth. Finally, we conclude by identifying research gaps and challenges of thermal effects related to CCS.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1379704

Journal Information:: Earth-Science Reviews, Vol. 165, Issue C; ISSN 0012-8252

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 54 works

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