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Title: Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison

Abstract

Croplands are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to land–atmosphere exchange of carbon, energy, and water during their short growing seasons. We evaluated and compared net ecosystem exchange (NEE), latent heat flux (LE), and sensible heat flux (H) simulated by a suite of ecosystem models at five agricultural eddy covariance flux tower sites in the central United States as part of the North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis project. Most of the models overestimated H and underestimated LE during the growing season, leading to overall higher Bowen ratios compared to the observations. Most models systematically under predicted NEE, especially at rain-fed sites. Certain crop-specific models that were developed considering the high productivity and associated physiological changes in specific crops better predicted the NEE and LE at both rain-fed and irrigated sites. Models with specific parameterization for different crops better simulated the inter-annual variability of NEE for maize-soybean rotation compared to those models with a single generic crop type. Stratification according to basic model formulation and phenological methodology did not explain significant variation in model performance across these sites and crops. The under prediction of NEE and LE and over prediction of H by most of the models suggests that models developedmore » and parameterized for natural ecosystems cannot accurately predict the more robust physiology of highly bred and intensively managed crop ecosystems. When coupled in Earth System Models, it is likely that the excessive physiological stress simulated in many land surface component models leads to overestimation of temperature and atmospheric boundary layer depth, and underestimation of humidity and CO2 seasonal uptake over agricultural regions.« less

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
OSTI Identifier:
1337158
DOE Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Biogeochemistry
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 129; Journal Issue: 1-2; Journal ID: ISSN 0168-2563
Publisher:
Springer
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Carbon and energy fluxes; Cropland carbon and energy exchange; Cropland ecosystems; Land-atmosphere exchange; Model-data comparison

Citation Formats

Lokupitiya, E., Denning, A. S., Schaefer, K., Ricciuto, D., Anderson, R., Arain, M. A., Baker, I., Barr, A. G., Chen, G., Chen, J. M., Ciais, P., Cook, D. R., Dietze, M., El Maayar, M., Fischer, M., Grant, R., Hollinger, D., Izaurralde, C., Jain, A., Kucharik, C., Li, Z., Liu, S., Li, L., Matamala, R., Peylin, P., Price, D., Running, S. W., Sahoo, A., Sprintsin, M., Suyker, A. E., Tian, H., Tonitto, C., Torn, M., Verbeeck, Hans, Verma, S. B., and Xue, Y. Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1007/s10533-016-0219-3.
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Lokupitiya, E., Denning, A. S., Schaefer, K., Ricciuto, D., Anderson, R., Arain, M. A., Baker, I., Barr, A. G., Chen, G., Chen, J. M., Ciais, P., Cook, D. R., Dietze, M., El Maayar, M., Fischer, M., Grant, R., Hollinger, D., Izaurralde, C., Jain, A., Kucharik, C., Li, Z., Liu, S., Li, L., Matamala, R., Peylin, P., Price, D., Running, S. W., Sahoo, A., Sprintsin, M., Suyker, A. E., Tian, H., Tonitto, C., Torn, M., Verbeeck, Hans, Verma, S. B., & Xue, Y. Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0219-3
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Lokupitiya, E., Denning, A. S., Schaefer, K., Ricciuto, D., Anderson, R., Arain, M. A., Baker, I., Barr, A. G., Chen, G., Chen, J. M., Ciais, P., Cook, D. R., Dietze, M., El Maayar, M., Fischer, M., Grant, R., Hollinger, D., Izaurralde, C., Jain, A., Kucharik, C., Li, Z., Liu, S., Li, L., Matamala, R., Peylin, P., Price, D., Running, S. W., Sahoo, A., Sprintsin, M., Suyker, A. E., Tian, H., Tonitto, C., Torn, M., Verbeeck, Hans, Verma, S. B., and Xue, Y. 2016. "Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0219-3.
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@article{osti_1337158,
title = {Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison},
author = {Lokupitiya, E. and Denning, A. S. and Schaefer, K. and Ricciuto, D. and Anderson, R. and Arain, M. A. and Baker, I. and Barr, A. G. and Chen, G. and Chen, J. M. and Ciais, P. and Cook, D. R. and Dietze, M. and El Maayar, M. and Fischer, M. and Grant, R. and Hollinger, D. and Izaurralde, C. and Jain, A. and Kucharik, C. and Li, Z. and Liu, S. and Li, L. and Matamala, R. and Peylin, P. and Price, D. and Running, S. W. and Sahoo, A. and Sprintsin, M. and Suyker, A. E. and Tian, H. and Tonitto, C. and Torn, M. and Verbeeck, Hans and Verma, S. B. and Xue, Y.},
abstractNote = {Croplands are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to land–atmosphere exchange of carbon, energy, and water during their short growing seasons. We evaluated and compared net ecosystem exchange (NEE), latent heat flux (LE), and sensible heat flux (H) simulated by a suite of ecosystem models at five agricultural eddy covariance flux tower sites in the central United States as part of the North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis project. Most of the models overestimated H and underestimated LE during the growing season, leading to overall higher Bowen ratios compared to the observations. Most models systematically under predicted NEE, especially at rain-fed sites. Certain crop-specific models that were developed considering the high productivity and associated physiological changes in specific crops better predicted the NEE and LE at both rain-fed and irrigated sites. Models with specific parameterization for different crops better simulated the inter-annual variability of NEE for maize-soybean rotation compared to those models with a single generic crop type. Stratification according to basic model formulation and phenological methodology did not explain significant variation in model performance across these sites and crops. The under prediction of NEE and LE and over prediction of H by most of the models suggests that models developed and parameterized for natural ecosystems cannot accurately predict the more robust physiology of highly bred and intensively managed crop ecosystems. When coupled in Earth System Models, it is likely that the excessive physiological stress simulated in many land surface component models leads to overestimation of temperature and atmospheric boundary layer depth, and underestimation of humidity and CO2 seasonal uptake over agricultural regions.},
doi = {10.1007/s10533-016-0219-3},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1337158}, journal = {Biogeochemistry},
issn = {0168-2563},
number = 1-2,
volume = 129,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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Journal Article:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0219-3
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