Gate fidelity and coherence of an electron spin in an Si/SiGe quantum dot with micromagnet
Abstract
A quantum computer is able to solve certain problems that cannot be solved by a classical computer within a reasonable time. The building block of a quantum computer is called a quantum bit (qubit), the counterpart of the conventional binary digit (bit). A qubit unavoidably interacts with its environment, leading to errors in the qubit state. This article reports on the qubit performance of an electron spin in a silicon/silicon-germanium (Si/SiGe) quantum dot, and examines the dominant error mechanisms. We demonstrate that this qubit can be electrically controlled with sufficient accuracy so that remaining errors could, in principle, be corrected using known protocols, even without isotopically purified silicon. This qubit also offers a quantum memory that lasts for almost 0.5 ms.
- Authors:
-
- QuTech, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands,, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands,
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706,
- Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011,
- QuTech, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands,, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands,, Components Research, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR 97124
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States); Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1328496
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1335026; OSTI ID: 1357022
- Report Number(s):
- IS-J-9131
Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-03ER46028; J1102; AC02-07CH11358; W911NF-12-0607; 319360
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Volume: 113 Journal Issue: 42; Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424
- Publisher:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING; 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; Si/SiGe quantum dot; qubit; dynamical decoupling; randomized benchmarking; electron spin
Citation Formats
Kawakami, Erika, Jullien, Thibaut, Scarlino, Pasquale, Ward, Daniel R., Savage, Donald E., Lagally, Max G., Dobrovitski, Viatcheslav V., Friesen, Mark, Coppersmith, Susan N., Eriksson, Mark A., and Vandersypen, Lieven M. K. Gate fidelity and coherence of an electron spin in an Si/SiGe quantum dot with micromagnet. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1073/pnas.1603251113.
Kawakami, Erika, Jullien, Thibaut, Scarlino, Pasquale, Ward, Daniel R., Savage, Donald E., Lagally, Max G., Dobrovitski, Viatcheslav V., Friesen, Mark, Coppersmith, Susan N., Eriksson, Mark A., & Vandersypen, Lieven M. K. Gate fidelity and coherence of an electron spin in an Si/SiGe quantum dot with micromagnet. United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603251113
Kawakami, Erika, Jullien, Thibaut, Scarlino, Pasquale, Ward, Daniel R., Savage, Donald E., Lagally, Max G., Dobrovitski, Viatcheslav V., Friesen, Mark, Coppersmith, Susan N., Eriksson, Mark A., and Vandersypen, Lieven M. K. 2016.
"Gate fidelity and coherence of an electron spin in an Si/SiGe quantum dot with micromagnet". United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603251113.
@article{osti_1328496,
title = {Gate fidelity and coherence of an electron spin in an Si/SiGe quantum dot with micromagnet},
author = {Kawakami, Erika and Jullien, Thibaut and Scarlino, Pasquale and Ward, Daniel R. and Savage, Donald E. and Lagally, Max G. and Dobrovitski, Viatcheslav V. and Friesen, Mark and Coppersmith, Susan N. and Eriksson, Mark A. and Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.},
abstractNote = {A quantum computer is able to solve certain problems that cannot be solved by a classical computer within a reasonable time. The building block of a quantum computer is called a quantum bit (qubit), the counterpart of the conventional binary digit (bit). A qubit unavoidably interacts with its environment, leading to errors in the qubit state. This article reports on the qubit performance of an electron spin in a silicon/silicon-germanium (Si/SiGe) quantum dot, and examines the dominant error mechanisms. We demonstrate that this qubit can be electrically controlled with sufficient accuracy so that remaining errors could, in principle, be corrected using known protocols, even without isotopically purified silicon. This qubit also offers a quantum memory that lasts for almost 0.5 ms.},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.1603251113},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1328496},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
issn = {0027-8424},
number = 42,
volume = 113,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Mon Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Storing quantum information for 30 seconds in a nanoelectronic device
journal, October 2014
- Muhonen, Juha T.; Dehollain, Juan P.; Laucht, Arne
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 12
Universal Dynamical Decoupling of a Single Solid-State Spin from a Spin Bath
journal, September 2010
- de Lange, G.; Wang, Z. H.; Riste, D.
- Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6000
Modified Spin‐Echo Method for Measuring Nuclear Relaxation Times
journal, August 1958
- Meiboom, S.; Gill, D.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 29, Issue 8
Quantum many-body theory of qubit decoherence in a finite-size spin bath. II. Ensemble dynamics
journal, March 2009
- Yang, Wen; Liu, Ren-Bao
- Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 11
An addressable quantum dot qubit with fault-tolerant control-fidelity
journal, October 2014
- Veldhorst, M.; Hwang, J. C. C.; Yang, C. H.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 12
Quantum control and process tomography of a semiconductor quantum dot hybrid qubit
journal, July 2014
- Kim, Dohun; Shi, Zhan; Simmons, C. B.
- Nature, Vol. 511, Issue 7507
Effect of pulse error accumulation on dynamical decoupling of the electron spins of phosphorus donors in silicon
journal, February 2012
- Wang, Zhi-Hui; Zhang, Wenxian; Tyryshkin, A. M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 8
Dephasing time of GaAs electron-spin qubits coupled to a nuclear bath exceeding 200 μs
journal, December 2010
- Bluhm, Hendrik; Foletti, Sandra; Neder, Izhar
- Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Randomized benchmarking of quantum gates
journal, January 2008
- Knill, E.; Leibfried, D.; Reichle, R.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 77, Issue 1
Noise spectroscopy through dynamical decoupling with a superconducting flux qubit
journal, May 2011
- Bylander, Jonas; Gustavsson, Simon; Yan, Fei
- Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 7
Superconducting quantum circuits at the surface code threshold for fault tolerance
journal, April 2014
- Barends, R.; Kelly, J.; Megrant, A.
- Nature, Vol. 508, Issue 7497
Quantifying the quantum gate fidelity of single-atom spin qubits in silicon by randomized benchmarking
journal, March 2015
- Muhonen, J. T.; Laucht, A.; Simmons, S.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 27, Issue 15
NMR techniques for quantum control and computation
journal, January 2005
- Vandersypen, L. M. K.; Chuang, I. L.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 4
Electron spin coherence exceeding seconds in high-purity silicon
journal, December 2011
- Tyryshkin, Alexei M.; Tojo, Shinichi; Morton, John J. L.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Iterative rotation scheme for robust dynamical decoupling
journal, May 2012
- Álvarez, Gonzalo A.; Souza, Alexandre M.; Suter, Dieter
- Physical Review A, Vol. 85, Issue 5
Coherent singlet-triplet oscillations in a silicon-based double quantum dot
journal, January 2012
- Maune, B. M.; Borselli, M. G.; Huang, B.
- Nature, Vol. 481, Issue 7381
Investigating the limits of randomized benchmarking protocols
journal, June 2014
- Epstein, Jeffrey M.; Cross, Andrew W.; Magesan, Easwar
- Physical Review A, Vol. 89, Issue 6
Demonstration of Entanglement of Electrostatically Coupled Singlet-Triplet Qubits
journal, April 2012
- Shulman, M. D.; Dial, O. E.; Harvey, S. P.
- Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6078, p. 202-205
Scaling of Dynamical Decoupling for Spin Qubits
journal, February 2012
- Medford, J.; Cywiński, Ł.; Barthel, C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 8
Nonexponential fidelity decay in randomized benchmarking with low-frequency noise
journal, August 2015
- Fogarty, M. A.; Veldhorst, M.; Harper, R.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 92, Issue 2
High-fidelity resonant gating of a silicon-based quantum dot hybrid qubit
journal, October 2015
- Kim, Dohun; Ward, Daniel R.; Simmons, Christie B.
- npj Quantum Information, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Keeping a Quantum Bit Alive by Optimized -Pulse Sequences
journal, March 2007
- Uhrig, Götz S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 10
Embracing the quantum limit in silicon computing
journal, November 2011
- Morton, John J. L.; McCamey, Dane R.; Eriksson, Mark A.
- Nature, Vol. 479, Issue 7373
Characterizing quantum gates via randomized benchmarking
journal, April 2012
- Magesan, Easwar; Gambetta, Jay M.; Emerson, Joseph
- Physical Review A, Vol. 85, Issue 4
Surface codes: Towards practical large-scale quantum computation
journal, September 2012
- Fowler, Austin G.; Mariantoni, Matteo; Martinis, John M.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 86, Issue 3
A two-qubit logic gate in silicon
journal, October 2015
- Veldhorst, M.; Yang, C. H.; Hwang, J. C. C.
- Nature, Vol. 526, Issue 7573, p. 410-414
Effects of time-reversal symmetry in dynamical decoupling
journal, March 2012
- Souza, Alexandre M.; Álvarez, Gonzalo A.; Suter, Dieter
- Physical Review A, Vol. 85, Issue 3
Electron Spin Dephasing due to Hyperfine Interactions with a Nuclear Spin Bath
journal, February 2009
- Cywiński, Łukasz; Witzel, Wayne M.; Das Sarma, S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 5
Prescription for experimental determination of the dynamics of a quantum black box
journal, November 1997
- Chuang, Isaac L.; Nielsen, M. A.
- Journal of Modern Optics, Vol. 44, Issue 11-12
Silicon quantum electronics
journal, July 2013
- Zwanenburg, Floris A.; Dzurak, Andrew S.; Morello, Andrea
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 3
Single-spin CCD
journal, January 2016
- Baart, T. A.; Shafiei, M.; Fujita, T.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 11, Issue 4
How to enhance dephasing time in superconducting qubits
journal, May 2008
- Cywiński, Łukasz; Lutchyn, Roman M.; Nave, Cody P.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 17
Spin-Relaxation Anisotropy in a GaAs Quantum Dot
journal, December 2014
- Scarlino, P.; Kawakami, E.; Stano, P.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 25
Decoherence in qubits due to low-frequency noise
journal, February 2009
- Bergli, J.; Galperin, Y. M.; Altshuler, B. L.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Effects of Diffusion on Free Precession in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments
journal, May 1954
- Carr, H. Y.; Purcell, E. M.
- Physical Review, Vol. 94, Issue 3
Electrical control of a long-lived spin qubit in a Si/SiGe quantum dot
journal, August 2014
- Kawakami, E.; Scarlino, P.; Ward, D. R.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 9
Single-shot read-out of an individual electron spin in a quantum dot
journal, July 2004
- Elzerman, J. M.; Hanson, R.; Willems van Beveren, L. H.
- Nature, Vol. 430, Issue 6998