Gigantic Surface Lifetime of an Intrinsic Topological Insulator

Neupane, Madhab; Xu, Su-Yang; Ishida, Yukiaki; Jia, Shuang; Fregoso, Benjamin M.; Liu, Chang; Belopolski, Ilya; Bian, Guang; Alidoust, Nasser; Durakiewicz, Tomasz; Galitski, Victor; Shin, Shik; Cava, Robert J.; Hasan, M. Zahid

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.116801

Title: Gigantic Surface Lifetime of an Intrinsic Topological Insulator

Journal Article · Wed Sep 09 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.116801· OSTI ID:1334115

Neupane, Madhab ^[1]; Xu, Su-Yang ^[2]; Ishida, Yukiaki ^[3]; Jia, Shuang ^[4]; Fregoso, Benjamin M. ^[5]; Liu, Chang ^[2]; Belopolski, Ilya ^[2]; Bian, Guang ^[2]; Alidoust, Nasser ^[2]; Durakiewicz, Tomasz ^[6]; Galitski, Victor ^[7]; Shin, Shik ^[3]; Cava, Robert J. ^[8]; Hasan, M. Zahid ^[9]

Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Joseph Henry Lab., Dept. of Physics; Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Joseph Henry Lab., Dept. of Physics
Univ. of Tokyo (Japan). Inst. for Solid State Physics (ISSP)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Peking Univ., Beijing (China). International Center for Quantum Materials
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Inst. and Condensed Matter Theory Center, Dept. of Physics; Monash Univ., Melbourne, VIC (Australia). School of Physics
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Joseph Henry Lab., Dept. of Physics; Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Princeton Center for Complex Materials

We report that the interaction between light and novel two-dimensional electronic states holds promise to realize new fundamental physics and optical devices. Here, we use pump-probe photoemission spectroscopy to study the optically excited Dirac surface states in the bulk-insulating topological insulator Bi₂Te₂Se and reveal optical properties that are in sharp contrast to those of bulk-metallic topological insulators. We observe a gigantic optical lifetime exceeding 4 μs (1 μs=10^$${-}$$6 s) for the surface states in Bi₂Te₂Se, whereas the lifetime in most topological insulators, such as Bi2Se3, has been limited to a few picoseconds (1 ps=10^$${-}$$12 s). Moreover, we discover a surface photovoltage, a shift of the chemical potential of the Dirac surface states, as large as 100 mV. Lastly, our results demonstrate a rare platform to study charge excitation and relaxation in energy and momentum space in a two-dimensional system.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Science Foundation (NSF); Australian Research Council; Simons Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; FG-02-05ER46200; AC03-76SF00098; FG02-07ER46352; SC0001911; AC02-05CH11231; GBMF4547; 26800165; DMR 1206513

OSTI ID:: 1334115

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1214746

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-15-26947; PRLTAO

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 11; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 73 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (35)

The rise of graphene Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S. Nature Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 3, p. 183-191 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1849	journal	March 2007
Three-Dimensional Topological Insulators Hasan, M. Zahid; Moore, Joel E. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-062910-140432	journal	March 2011
Colloquium: Topological insulators Hasan, M. Z.; Kane, C. L. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 4, p. 3045-3067 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.82.3045	journal	November 2010
Topological insulators and superconductors Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, Shou-Cheng Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.83.1057	journal	October 2011
A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase Hsieh, D.; Qian, D.; Wray, L. Nature, Vol. 452, Issue 7190, p. 970-974 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06843	journal	April 2008
Observation of a large-gap topological-insulator class with a single Dirac cone on the surface Xia, Y.; Qian, D.; Hsieh, D. Nature Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 6, p. 398-402 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1274	journal	May 2009
Observation of a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal phase in high-mobility Cd3As2 Neupane, Madhab; Xu, Su-Yang; Sankar, Raman Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4786	journal	May 2014
Spintronics and pseudospintronics in graphene and topological insulators Pesin, Dmytro; MacDonald, Allan H. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3305	journal	April 2012
Spin Hall Effect Transistor Wunderlich, J.; Park, B. -G.; Irvine, A. C. Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6012 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1195816	journal	December 2010
Floquet topological insulator in semiconductor quantum wells Lindner, Netanel H.; Refael, Gil; Galitski, Victor Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1926	journal	March 2011
Transport properties of nonequilibrium systems under the application of light: Photoinduced quantum Hall insulators without Landau levels Kitagawa, Takuya; Oka, Takashi; Brataas, Arne Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.235108	journal	December 2011
Photoinduced Transition between Conventional and Topological Insulators in Two-Dimensional Electronic Systems Inoue, Jun-ichi; Tanaka, Akihiro Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.017401	journal	June 2010
Topological field theory of time-reversal invariant insulators Qi, Xiao-Liang; Hughes, Taylor L.; Zhang, Shou-Cheng Physical Review B, Vol. 78, Issue 19, Article No. 195424 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.195424	journal	November 2008
Observation of Floquet-Bloch States on the Surface of a Topological Insulator Wang, Y. H.; Steinberg, H.; Jarillo-Herrero, P. Science, Vol. 342, Issue 6157, p. 453-457 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239834	journal	October 2013
Ultrafast Optical Excitation of a Persistent Surface-State Population in the Topological Insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Sobota, J. A.; Yang, S.; Analytis, J. G. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.117403	journal	March 2012
Ultrafast Surface Carrier Dynamics in the Topological Insulator Bi ₂ Te ₃ Hajlaoui, M.; Papalazarou, E.; Mauchain, J. Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl301035x	journal	June 2012
Measurement of Intrinsic Dirac Fermion Cooling on the Surface of the Topological Insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Using Time-Resolved and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Wang, Y. H.; Hsieh, D.; Sie, E. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.127401	journal	September 2012
Ultrafast photodoping and effective Fermi-Dirac distribution of the Dirac particles in Bi $_{2}$ Se $_{3}$ Crepaldi, A.; Ressel, B.; Cilento, F. Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.205133	journal	November 2012
Evidence of reduced surface electron-phonon scattering in the conduction band of Bi $_{2}$ Se $_{3}$ by nonequilibrium ARPES Crepaldi, A.; Cilento, F.; Ressel, B. Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.121404	journal	September 2013
Phase Separation and Bulk p-n Transition in Single Crystals of Bi ₂ Te ₂ Se Topological Insulator Mi, Jian-Li; Bremholm, Martin; Bianchi, Marco Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201203542	journal	November 2012
Tuning a Schottky barrier in a photoexcited topological insulator with transient Dirac cone electron-hole asymmetry Hajlaoui, M.; Papalazarou, E.; Mauchain, J. Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4003	journal	January 2014
Large bulk resistivity and surface quantum oscillations in the topological insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{2} Se$ Ren, Zhi; Taskin, A. A.; Sasaki, Satoshi Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.241306	journal	December 2010
Quantum oscillations in a topological insulator Bi2Te2Se with large bulk resistivity () Xiong, Jun; Petersen, A. C.; Qu, Dongxia Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, Vol. 44, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2011.09.011	journal	February 2012
Topological surface states and Dirac point tuning in ternary topological insulators Neupane, M.; Xu, S. -Y.; Wray, L. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.235406	journal	June 2012
Bi $_{2}$ Te $_{1.6}$ S $_{1.4}$ : A topological insulator in the tetradymite family Ji, Huiwen; Allred, J. M.; Fuccillo, M. K. Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.201103	journal	May 2012
Oscillatory surface dichroism of the insulating topological insulator Bi $_{2}$ Te $_{2}$ Se Neupane, M.; Basak, S.; Alidoust, N. Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.165129	journal	October 2013
Time-resolved photoemission apparatus achieving sub-20-meV energy resolution and high stability Ishida, Y.; Togashi, T.; Yamamoto, K. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4903788	journal	December 2014
Driven electronic states at the surface of a topological insulator Fregoso, Benjamin M.; Wang, Y. H.; Gedik, N. Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.155129	journal	October 2013
Surface Recombination on the Si(111) 2×1 Surface Halas, N. J.; Bokor, J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 62, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.1679	journal	April 1989
Surface photovoltage phenomena: theory, experiment, and applications Kronik, L. Surface Science Reports, Vol. 37, Issue 1-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5729(99)00002-3	journal	December 1999
Bulk Fermi surface coexistence with Dirac surface state in ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ : A comparison of photoemission and Shubnikov–de Haas measurements Analytis, James G.; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Chen, Yulin Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.205407	journal	May 2010
Topological Kondo Insulators Dzero, Maxim; Sun, Kai; Galitski, Victor Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.106408	journal	March 2010
Correlated Topological Insulators with Mixed Valence Lu, Feng; Zhao, JianZhou; Weng, Hongming Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.096401	journal	February 2013
Surface electronic structure of the topological Kondo-insulator candidate correlated electron system SmB6 Neupane, M.; Alidoust, N.; Xu, S-Y. Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3991	journal	December 2013
Emergent photovoltage on SmB6 surface upon bulk-gap evolution revealed by pump-and-probe photoemission spectroscopy Ishida, Y.; Otsu, T.; Shimada, T. Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08160	journal	February 2015

Cited By (19)

Dynamically Induced Excitonic Instability in Pumped Dirac Materials Pertsova, Anna; Balatsky, Alexander V. Annalen der Physik, Vol. 532, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.201900549	journal	December 2019
Observation of the spin-polarized surface state in a noncentrosymmetric superconductor BiPd Neupane, Madhab; Alidoust, Nasser; Hosen, M. Mofazzel Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13315	journal	November 2016
Spin Hall photoconductance in a three-dimensional topological insulator at room temperature Seifert, Paul; Vaklinova, Kristina; Ganichev, Sergey Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02671-1	journal	January 2018
Prediction of a topological p + ip excitonic insulator with parity anomaly Wang, Rui; Erten, Onur; Wang, Baigeng Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08203-9	journal	January 2019
Prolonged duration of nonequilibrated Dirac fermions in neutral topological insulators Sumida, K.; Ishida, Y.; Zhu, S. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14308-w	journal	October 2017
Laser-induced persistent photovoltage on the surface of a ternary topological insulator at room temperature Sánchez-Barriga, J.; Battiato, M.; Golias, E. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4979596	journal	April 2017
Extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission setup with 21.5 meV resolution using high-order harmonic generation from a turn-key Yb:KGW amplifier Liu, Yangyang; Beetar, John E.; Hosen, Md Mofazzel Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 91, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121425	journal	January 2020
Size constraints on a Majorana beam-splitter interferometer: Majorana coupling and surface-bulk scattering Røising, Henrik Schou; Simon, Steven H. Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.115424	journal	March 2018
Signatures of in-plane and out-of-plane magnetization generated by synchrotron radiation in magnetically doped and pristine topological insulators Shikin, A. M.; Rybkina, A. A.; Estyunin, D. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.245407	journal	June 2018
Ionic and electronic properties of the topological insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{2} Se$ investigated via $β$ -detected nuclear magnetic relaxation and resonance of ${}^{8}{Li}$ McFadden, Ryan M. L.; Chatzichristos, Aris; Chow, Kim H. Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.99.125201	journal	March 2019
Surface State Dynamics of Topological Insulators Investigated by Femtosecond Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Hedayat, Hamoon; Bugini, Davide; Yi, Hemian Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/app8050694	journal	April 2018
Prolonged duration of nonequilibrated Dirac fermions in neutral topological insulators Sumida, Kazuki; Ishida, Y.; Zhu, S. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000205813	text	January 2017
Observation of Dirac-Like Semi-Metallic Phase in NdSb Neupane, Madhab; Hosen, M. Mofazzel; Belopolski, Ilya arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.00151	text	January 2016
Shift charge and spin photocurrents in Dirac surface states of topological insulator Kim, Kun Woo; Morimoto, Takahiro; Nagaosa, Naoto arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1607.03888	text	January 2016
Observation of the spin-polarized surface state in a noncentrosymmetric superconductor BiPd Neupane, Madhab; Alidoust, Nasser; Hosen, M. Mofazzel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1610.03431	text	January 2016
Excitonic instability in optically-pumped three-dimensional Dirac materials Pertsova, Anna; Balatsky, Alexander V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.09132	text	January 2017
Size Constraints on Majorana Beamsplitter Interferometer: Majorana Coupling and Surface-Bulk Scattering Røising, Henrik Schou; Simon, Steven H. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.07687	text	January 2017
Impact of ultrafast transport on the high-energy states of a photoexcited topological insulator Freyse, F.; Battiato, M.; Yashina, L. V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.08156	text	January 2018
Extreme Ultraviolet Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy with 21.5 meV Resolution using High-Order Harmonic Generation from a Turn-Key Yb:KGW Amplifier Liu, Yangyang; Beetar, John E.; Hosen, Md Mofazzel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.10497	text	January 2019

Similar Records

Electronic structure and relaxation dynamics in a superconducting topological material

Journal Article · Thu Mar 03 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Scientific Reports · OSTI ID:1334115

Neupane, Madhab; Ishida, Yukiaki; Sankar, Raman; +10 more

Room temperature persisting surface charge carriers driven by intense terahertz electric fields in a topological insulator Bi₂Se₃

Journal Article · Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 EST 2023 · APL Materials · OSTI ID:1334115

Luo, Liang; Cheng, Di; Huang, Chuankun; +9 more

Independence of topological surface state and bulk conductance in three-dimensional topological insulators

Journal Article · Fri Nov 23 00:00:00 EST 2018 · npj Quantum Materials · OSTI ID:1334115

Cai, Shu; Guo, Jing; Sidorov, Vladimir A.; +12 more

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Topological Insulators
pump probe
ARPES

Title: Gigantic Surface Lifetime of an Intrinsic Topological Insulator

Citation Formats

References (35)

Cited By (19)

Similar Records

Related Subjects