skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Barium iodide and strontium iodide crystals and scintillators implementing the same

Patent ·
OSTI ID:1325007

In one embodiment, a crystal includes at least one metal halide; and an activator dopant comprising ytterbium. In another general embodiment, a scintillator optic includes: at least one metal halide doped with a plurality of activators, the plurality of activators comprising: a first activator comprising europium, and a second activator comprising ytterbium. In yet another general embodiment, a method for manufacturing a crystal suitable for use in a scintillator includes mixing one or more salts with a source of at least one dopant activator comprising ytterbium; heating the mixture above a melting point of the salt(s); and cooling the heated mixture to a temperature below the melting point of the salts. Additional materials, systems, and methods are presented.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344
Assignee:
Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC (Livermore, CA)
Patent Number(s):
9,441,154
Application Number:
14/220,904
OSTI ID:
1325007
Resource Relation:
Patent File Date: 2014 Mar 20
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (63)

Rare Earth Activated Alkaline Earth Halofluoride Luminescent Materials patent December 1964
Europium Activated Strontium Iodide Scintillators patent March 1968
Manufacture of Materials Capable of Amplifying Wave Energy patent November 1969
Flux growth of Rare Earth Fluorides patent June 1972
Crystal growth procedure patent June 1977
Method and apparatus for determining the condition of a biological specimen patent September 1977
Europium-activated alkaline earth fluorohalide x-ray phosphors and method for preparing the same patent July 1978
Neutron and X-ray radiation combined inspection means and method patent May 1986
Radiation detecting apparatus patent August 1986
Computer information retrieval using latent semantic structure patent June 1989
Radiation image recording and reproducing method patent March 1991
Photostimulable phosphors patent June 1995
Scintillation solid and method of measuring radiation patent March 1996
X-ray imaging device patent March 1998
Doped cadmium tungstate scintillator with improved radiation hardness patent October 2007
Nanocomposite scintillator and detector patent June 2009
Nano-scale metal halide scintillation materials and methods for making same patent December 2009
Doped cadmium tungstate scintillator with improved radiation hardness patent February 2010
Halide-based scintillator nanomaterial patent April 2013
Lanthanide doped strontium barium mixed halide scintillators patent July 2013
Barium iodide and strontium iodide crystals and scintillators implementing the same patent November 2013
Gamma ray spectroscopy employing divalent europium-doped alkaline earth halides and digital readout for accurate histogramming patent November 2014
Photostimulable glass ceramic patent-application July 2007
Halide-based scintillator nanomaterial patent-application January 2010
Barium Iodide and Strontium Iodide Crystals and Scintillators Implementing the Same patent-application February 2010
Strontium Halide Scintillators, Devices and Methods patent-application October 2010
Novel Lanthanide Doped Strontium Barium Mixed Halide Scintillators patent-application July 2011
Novel Lanthanide Doped Strontium-Barium Cesium Halide Scintillators patent-application August 2012
Optical and EPR study of BaY2F8 single crystals doped with Yb journal December 2009
Laser cooling of Yb3+-doped BaY2F8 single crystal journal August 2006
EPR Identification of coupled Yb3+ ion pairs in optically bistable compound CsCdBr3:Yb journal July 2001
Die Kristallstruktur der monoklinen Form von Europium(II)jodid EuJ 2 journal June 1969
Luminescence and scintillation properties of the small band gap compound LaI3:Ce3+
  • Bessiere, A.; Dorenbos, P.; van Eijk, C. W. E.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 537, Issue 1-2, p. 22-26 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.224
journal January 2005
The Crystal Structures of Barium Chloride, Barium Bromide, and Barium Iodide journal October 1963
Determination of Europium(II) and Total Europium in Europium-Activated Lithium Iodide Scintillation Crystals. journal September 1964
CaI2 and CaI2(Eu) Scintillation Crystals journal June 1964
Heterogeneous Halide-Silica Phosphors journal January 1975
Potential for RbGd2Br7:Ce, LaBr3:Ce, LaBr3:Ce, and LuI3:Ce in nuclear medical imaging
  • Moses, William W.; Shah, Kanai S.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 537, Issue 1-2, p. 317-320 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2004.08.034
journal January 2005
Scintillation characteristics of thin-film calcium iodide crystal x-ray detectors journal August 1998
Cerium-doped barium halide scintillators for x-ray and γ-ray detections journal October 2007
Europium‐doped alkali halides as a selective ultraviolet dosimeter material in the actinic region journal April 1991
Properties of Yb:YAG scintillators
  • Antonini, P.; Belogurov, S.; Bressi, G.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 486, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00706-4
journal June 2002
Scintillation properties of Yb-doped yttrium–aluminum garnets
  • Antonini, P.; Belogurov, S.; Bressi, G.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 488, Issue 3, p. 591-603 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00558-2
journal August 2002
Properties of Yb-doped scintillators: YAG, YAP, LuAG
  • Belogurov, S.; Bressi, G.; Carugno, G.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 516, Issue 1, p. 58-67 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.042
journal January 2004
Ytterbium-based compounds as fast and dense inorganic scintillators conference January 2002
Growth of Yb-doped Y2O3, Sc2O3, and Lu2O3 single crystals by the micro-pulling-down technique and their optical and scintillation characterization journal August 2012
Effects of gamma-irradiation and air annealing on Yb-doped Y3Al5O12 single crystal journal March 2008
Effects of gamma irradiation and air annealing on Yb-doped YAlO 3 single crystals journal May 2005
Irradiation Damage on BaLiF[sub 3] Crystallites and Its Suppression by Rare-Earth Ion Doping journal January 1997
Cerium-Doped Orthophosphate Scintillators journal January 1994
A New Lanthanide Activator for Iodide Based Scintillators: <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\hbox {Yb}}^{2+}$</tex></formula> journal April 2013
Bridgman growth of large SrI2:Eu2+ single crystals: A high-performance scintillator for radiation detection applications journal September 2013
Scintillation properties of Eu2+-activated barium fluoroiodide
  • Gundiah, G.; Bourret-Courchesne, E.; Bizarri, G.
  • 2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 2009), 2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC) https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2009.5402265
conference October 2009
Eu2+-doped Ba2CsI5, a new high-performance scintillator
  • Bourret-Courchesne, E. D.; Bizarri, G.; Borade, R.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 612, Issue 1, p. 138-142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.10.146
journal December 2009
Cerium Activated Scintillation in Yttrium Halides: First Principles Theory and Prediction journal June 2009
Scintillators With Potential to Supersede Lanthanum Bromide journal June 2009
Strontium and barium iodide high light yield scintillators journal February 2008
Design and Implementation of a Facility for Discovering New Scintillator Materials journal June 2008
The quest for the ideal inorganic scintillator
  • Derenzo, S. E.; Weber, M. J.; Bourret-Courchesne, E.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 505, Issue 1-2, p. 111-117 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01031-3
journal June 2003
Europium-doped barium bromide iodide journal October 2009
Energy transfer in Ba1−xSrxFBr:Eu storage phosphors as a function of Sr and Eu concentration journal October 2001
Europium-doped barium halide X-ray scintillators journal March 2007
Scintillation properties and self absorption in SrI2:Eu2+
  • Alekhin, M. S.; de Haas, J. T. M.; Kramer, K. W.
  • 2010 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2010 NSS/MIC), IEEE Nuclear Science Symposuim & Medical Imaging Conference https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2010.5874044
conference October 2010