Variability in large-scale wind power generation: Variability in large-scale wind power generation
[3];
[6];
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo Finland
- Energy Department, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Oslo Norway
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Electric Power Systems, Stockholm Sweden
- Royal Institute of Technology, Electric Power Systems, Stockholm Sweden
- Institut de recherche Hydro-Québec, Montreal Canada
- DTU, Wind Energy, Roskilde Denmark
- Electricity Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland
- Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto California USA
- LNEG, Laboratorio Nacional de Energia e Geologia, UESEO, Lisbon Spain
- Renewable Energy Research Institute and DIEEAC/EDII-AB, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete Spain
- State Grid Corporation of China, Beijing China
- State Grid Energy Research Institute Beijing, Beijing China
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Transmission and Grid Integration Group, Golden Colorado USA
The paper demonstrates the characteristics of wind power variability and net load variability in multiple power systems based on real data from multiple years. Demonstrated characteristics include probability distribution for different ramp durations, seasonal and diurnal variability and low net load events. The comparison shows regions with low variability (Sweden, Spain and Germany), medium variability (Portugal, Ireland, Finland and Denmark) and regions with higher variability (Quebec, Bonneville Power Administration and Electric Reliability Council of Texas in North America; Gansu, Jilin and Liaoning in China; and Norway and offshore wind power in Denmark). For regions with low variability, the maximum 1 h wind ramps are below 10% of nominal capacity, and for regions with high variability, they may be close to 30%. Wind power variability is mainly explained by the extent of geographical spread, but also higher capacity factor causes higher variability. It was also shown how wind power ramps are autocorrelated and dependent on the operating output level. When wind power was concentrated in smaller area, there were outliers with high changes in wind output, which were not present in large areas with well-dispersed wind power.
- Research Organization:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- OSTI ID:
- 1290783
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5000-65786
- Journal Information:
- Wind Energy, Vol. 19, Issue 9; ISSN 1095-4244
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Variability of Load and Net Load in Case of Large Scale Distributed Wind Power
Empirical Analysis of the Variability of Wind Generation in India: Implications for Grid Integration